Entry Study Expt Study id marine Expt id marine Ref Source TDBU FTG Ygen Yqual Yunits Direction Ydesc real_flux Ycat across_trophic trophic_dir Consumer Resource multifunk #functions function_type Sys1 Sys2 Sys3 Des1 Des2 Des3 Slevels Spool Smax Area Vol Bsize SPscale LnSPscale Dur Gtime Tscale LnTscale Tser FinalT SnonF HigherT Coll Comment1 AddTrt1 AddTrt2 AddTrt3 ExpVar NatVar Comp. ExpTr1 ExpTr2 Tr1Type Tr2Type CO2 Nfert Pfert Ofert Temp Water Light Other CO2ppm Fertreason Nfertgm2 Pfertgm2 Ofertgm2 TabsoC delToC delWmm W%diff delLight%full Lat Lon NEmono N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 N18 N19 N20 N22 N23 N24 N31 N32 N36 N43 N60 N72 YEmonoLR2 YEmonoLR3 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 Y11 Y12 SDEmonoLR2 SDEmonoLR3 SD1 SD2 SD3 SD4 SD5 SD6 SD7 SD8 SD9 SD10 SD11 SD12 1 8 17 1 1 Bruno et al. 2005 "F1, F4, T2" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta)" . N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 7 7 . 60 60 1 0 34 365 0.0932 -2.3735 N Y 0 N BC "Data are from mesocosm experiment 1. Author reports % change in algal biomass as the dependent variable, which was added to the initial 60g to obtain final biomass." . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.72 10 70 . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.49 2.49 1.37 . . . . . 1.56 . . . . . 0.6641 0.6641 0.4016 . . . . . 0.2372 . . . . . 2 8 18 1 2 Bruno et al. 2005 "F1, F4, T2" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta)" . N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 4 9 9 . 30 90 0.3333 -1.0986 28 365 0.0767 -2.5677 N Y 0 N BC "Data are from mesocosm experiment 2. Author reports % change in algal biomass as the dependent variable, which was added to the initial 90g to obtain final biomass." . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.72 10 90 . 10 . . 10 . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.335 4.335 2.523 . 2.682 . . 3.1299 . . 3.1269 . . . 0.3036 0.3036 0.5977 . 0.3036 . . 0.6138 . . 0.6138 . . . 3 8 19 1 3 Bruno et al. 2005 "F1, F4, T2" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta)" . N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 3 6 6 . 30 36 0.8333 -0.1823 17 365 0.0466 -3.0667 N Y 0 N BC "Data are from mesocosm experiment 3. Author reports % change in algal biomass as the dependent variable, which was added to the initial 36g to obtain final biomass." . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.72 10 90 . 10 . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8336 1.8336 1.7868 . 1.9788 . . 1.9764 . . . . . . 0.4743 0.4743 0.6034 . 0.6147 . . 0.3415 . . . . . . 4 8 20 1 4 Bruno et al. 2005 "F2, F4, T2" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta)" . N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 3 6 6 . 0.045 42 0.0011 -6.8388 21 365 0.0575 -2.8554 N Y 0 N BC "Data are from field experiment 1. Author reports % change in algal biomass as the dependent variable, which was added to the initial 42g to obtain final biomass." . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.72 10 60 . 10 . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1894.666667 1894.666667 1339.3333 . 1274 . . 1371.0667 . . . . . . 236.1167 236.1167 433.7741 . 401.3984 . . 357.1266 . . . . . . 5 8 21 1 5 Bruno et al. 2005 "F2, F4, T2" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta)" . N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 . 0.045 48 0.0009 -6.9723 21 365 0.0575 -2.8554 N Y 0 N BC "Data are from field experiment 2. Author reports % change in algal biomass as the dependent variable, which was added to the initial 48g to obtain final biomass." . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.72 10 40 . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1522.133333 1522.133333 1174.4 . . 1578.2222 . . . . . . . . 408.1446 408.1446 458.7411 . . 303.5787 . . . . . . . . 6 9 22 2 6 Byrnes et al 2006 "F3, data from authors" TD C SSR . number L-1 Pos Herbivore abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Arthropoda & Echinodermata ... Cancer productus, C. magister, Pycnopodia helianthoides)" "Animalia (Arthropoda/Echinodermata/Mollusca ... Tegula brunnea, T. Funebralis, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, S. franciscanus, Pugettia producta)." ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 400 231.1373 1.7306 0.5485 8 1703.3333 0.0047 -5.3609 N Y 5 N "ED(PR), BC, KM" . . . . 38.32 -123.07 9 27 . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.035 0.035 0.0193 . 0.0196 . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0.0006 . 0.0152 . . . . . . . . . 7 26 44 3 7 Finke & Denno 2005 F1 TD C SSR . number m-2 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda (Arachnida/Insecta ... Pardosa littoralis, Clubiona saltitans, Marpissa pikei, Grammonota trivittata, Naemia seriata, Tytthus vagus)" Animalia:Arthropoda:Insecta (Prokelisia dolus) ? O A 4 saltmarsh 3 2 A 3 6 3 0.038 . 0.0016 24 3.1781 66 176 0.375 -0.9808 N Y 1 N "ED(PR), BC" "F1 gives the LS means for a model that already accounts for predator abundance as a covariate (pers comm, D. Finke)." Strict predators . . 38.97 -76.92 . 14 17 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.632 1.474 1.853 . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6538 1.6492 1.8358 . . . . . . . . . 8 26 45 3 8 Finke & Denno 2005 F1 TD C SSR . number m-2 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda (Arachnida/Insecta ... Pardosa littoralis, Clubiona saltitans, Marpissa pikei, Grammonota trivittata, Naemia seriata, Tytthus vagus)" Animalia:Arthropoda:Insecta (Prokelisia dolus) ? O A 4 saltmarsh 3 2 A 3 6 3 0.038 . 0.0016 24 3.1781 66 176 0.375 -0.9808 N Y 1 N "ED(PR), BC" "F1 gives the LS means for a model that already accounts for predator abundance as a covariate (pers comm, D. Finke)." IGP predators . . 38.97 -76.92 . 18 18 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.105 2.947 3.779 . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9219 1.9219 1.1538 . . . . . . . . . 9 31 64a 4 9a Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass (from biovolumes) N Production Within Neither Marine microalgae Inorganic Inorganic nutrients N . O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 0 N "AD, BC" This is the effect of algal diversity on algal SST with 0 herbivore species present . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.88 11.14 5 15 15 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.007752733 0.007752733 0.0044 0.0066 0.0053 . . . . . . . . . 0.0004 0.0004 0.0028 0.0028 0.0001 . . . . . . . . . 10 31 64b 4 9b Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass (from biovolumes) N Production Within Neither Marine microalgae Inorganic Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 1 Y "AD, BC" This is the effect of algal diversity on algal SST with 1 herbivore species present . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.88 11.14 14 44 45 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.002298229 0.002298229 0.002 0.0027 0.0038 . . . . . . . . . 0.0012 0.0012 0.0016 0.0021 0.0027 . . . . . . . . . 11 31 64c 4 9c Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass (from biovolumes) N Production Within Neither Marine microalgae Inorganic Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 2 Y "AD, BC" This is the effect of algal diversity on algal SST with 2 herbivore species present . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.88 11.14 15 45 45 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.13333333 1523.166667 646.9533333 668.3266667 630.1133333 . . . . . . . . . 99.52461471 1120.150688 873.1537838 571.193472 695.8883808 . . . . . . . . . 12 31 64d 4 9d Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass (from biovolumes) N Production Within Neither Marine microalgae Inorganic Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 3 Y "AD, BC" This is the effect of algal diversity on algal SST with 3 herbivore species present . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.88 11.14 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001098778 0.001098778 0.0006 0.0012 0.0008 . . . . . . . . . 0.0003 0.0003 0.0005 0.0019 0.0002 . . . . . . . . . 13 31 64e 4 9e Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD H SST . g L-1 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither Protista:Ciliata Microalgae Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 1 N "AD, BC" This is the effect of herbivore diversity on herbivore SST for algal richness = 1 . . . 58.88 11.14 15 45 45 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.003008089 0.003008089 0.0012 0.0016 0.0016 . . . . . . . . . 0.0045 0.0045 0.0029 0.0027 0.0024 . . . . . . . . . 14 31 64f 4 9f Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD H SST . g L-1 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither Protista:Ciliata Microalgae Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 2 N "AD, BC" This is the effect of herbivore diversity on herbivore SST for algal richness = 2 . . . 58.88 11.14 14 45 45 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.008946556 0.008946556 0.0036 0.0066 0.0086 . . . . . . . . . 0.0109 0.0109 0.0073 0.0072 0.0067 . . . . . . . . . 15 31 64g 4 9g Gamfeldt et al. 2005 data from author TD H SST . g L-1 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither Protista:Ciliata Microalgae Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 3 N "AD, BC" This is the effect of herbivore diversity on herbivore SST for algal richness = 3 . . . 58.88 11.14 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.011258378 0.011258378 0.0044 0.0052 0.024 . . . . . . . . . 0.0084 0.0084 0.0067 0.0028 0.0072 . . . . . . . . . 16 31 64g 4 9g Gamfeldt et al. 2005 "F1, data from author" TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down Protista:Ciliata Microalgae Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 0 167079.2079 12.0262 21 0.8333 25.2 3.2268 N Y 3 N "AD, BC" . . . . 58.88 11.14 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001448 0.001448 0.0026 0.0014 0.0005 . . . . . . . . . 0.0004 0.0004 0.0007 0.0007 0.0005 . . . . . . . . . 17 31 64g 4 9g Gamfeldt et al. 2005 "F1, data from author" BU P SST . g L-1 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Between Bottom-up Protista:Ciliata Microalgae Y 2 O A 4 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 . 0.005 . 21 . N Y 3 N "AD, BC" . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.88 11.14 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.003137778 0.003137778 0.0015 0.0093 0.0251 . . . . . . . . . 0.0032 0.0032 0.0023 0.0014 0.0073 . . . . . . . . . 18 57 111 5 10 O'Connor & Crowe 2005 "F1, T2" TD H SSR . cover m-2 Neg Algal percent cover N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Mollusca:Gastropoda (P. ulyssiponensis, L. littorea, G. umbilicalis)" Intertidal algae N . O A 4 hard 2 3 R 3 3 3 0.1225 . 0.4667 0.2625 -1.3375 120 851.6667 0.1409 -1.9597 Y N . N "ED(PR), BC" "This study removed just 2 of the 3 dominant grazer species individually, and only 2 of the 3 possible two-spp species combinations. Other grazers were present, but authors claim they were quite rare." . . . 53.31 -6.22 4 8 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.359375 143.359375 161.3281 169.1406 147.2656 . . . . . . . . . 21.4382 21.4382 20.6256 21.5706 12.9084 . . . . . . . . . 19 57 111 5 10 O'Connor & Crowe 2005 "F1, T2" TD H SSR . cover m-2 Neg Algal percent cover N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Mollusca:Gastropoda (P. ulyssiponensis, L. littorea, G. umbilicalis)" Intertidal algae N . O A 4 hard 2 3 R 3 3 3 0.1225 . 0.4667 0.2625 -1.3375 390 851.6667 0.4579 -0.781 Y Y . N "ED(PR), BC" "This study removed just 2 of the 3 dominant grazer species individually, and only 2 of the 3 possible two-spp species combinations. Other grazers were present, but authors claim they were quite rare." . . . 53.31 -6.22 4 8 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 148 161.5 165.5 149 . . . . . . . . . 18 18 18 22.3607 18 . . . . . . . . . 20 86 165 6 11 "Bruno et al, Oikos 2006" "F2A, F3(left)" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Acanthophora spicifera, Caulerpa racemosa, Ceramium nitens, Chaetomorpha linum, Galaxaura rugosa, Gracilaria damaecornis, Gelidiella acerosa, Halimeda opuntia, Laurencia poiteaui, Sargassum polyceratium)" Inorganic nutrients N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 5 10 10 . 1000 100 10 2.3026 10 18.9 0.5291 -0.6366 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18.47 -77.42 10 120 10 . 10 . . . 10 . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100294985 0.100294985 0.0774 0.0808 . 0.0848 . . . 0.0855 . 0.0833 . . 0.0249 0.0249 0.0242 0.0222 . 0.021 . . . 0.0117 . 0.0163 . . 21 86 166 6 12 "Bruno et al, Oikos 2006" F2B TD P RD I g O2 g-1 hr-1 Pos Algal mass specific photosynthetic rate Y Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Acanthophora spicifera, Caulerpa racemosa, Ceramium nitens, Chaetomorpha linum, Galaxaura rugosa, Gracilaria damaecornis, Gelidiella acerosa, Halimeda opuntia, Laurencia poiteaui, Sargassum polyceratium, Dictyota cervicornis, Turbinaria turbinata)" Inorganic nutrients N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 12 12 . 34 100 0.34 -1.0788 10 18.9 0.5291 -0.6366 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18.47 -77.42 10 120 . . . . 10 . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.9 3.77 . . . . 3.93 . . . . . 4.92 2.7196 2.7196 2.3004 . . . . 0.9803 . . . . . 0.9803 22 87 167 7 13 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2A TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 18 6.72 2.6786 0.9853 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2004 Ambient Nutrients . . 1 0 0 Nfert Pfert C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 7.4 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.65 7 42 . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.072072072 0.4642 0.207408 . . . . 0.14924 . . . . . . 3.603603604 33.098 8.146852153 . . . . 18.769 . . . . . . 23 87 168 7 14 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2A TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 18 6.72 2.6786 0.9853 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2004 Enriched Nutrients . . 1 0 0 Nfert Pfert E E 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 natural range 53.1 1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.65 7 42 . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.15 4.15 2.7233 . . . . 3.17 . . . . . . 1.4904 1.4904 1.3826 . . . . 0.635 . . . . . . 24 87 167 7 13 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2C TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal nitrogen mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 18 6.72 2.6786 0.9853 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2004 Ambient Nutrients . . 7.4 0.2 34.72 -76.65 7 42 . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.91 1.537 . . . . 1.421 . . . . . . 0.078947368 0.402 2.84193596 . . . . 0.209 . . . . . . 25 87 168 7 14 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2C TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal nitrogen mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 18 6.72 2.6786 0.9853 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2004 Enriched Nutrients . . natural range 53.1 1.2 34.72 -76.65 7 42 . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.129682 0.129682 0.0618 . . . . 0.0745 . . . . . . 0.0011 0.0011 0.0042 . . . . 0.0037 . . . . . . 26 87 169 7 15 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2D TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 20 6.72 2.9762 1.0906 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2005 Ambient Nutrients . . 1 0 0 Nfert Pfert C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 7.4 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.65 10 60 . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.693333333 2.693333333 2.2123 . . . . 2.6133 . . . . . . 0.4006 0.4006 0.7539 . . . . 0.3689 . . . . . . 27 87 170 7 16 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2D TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 20 6.72 2.9762 1.0906 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2005 Enriched Nutrients . . 1 0 0 Nfert Pfert E E 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 natural range 53.1 1.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.72 -76.65 10 60 . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.74 2.74 2.35 . . . . 2.6167 . . . . . . 0.643 0.643 0.7488 . . . . 0.643 . . . . . . 28 87 169 7 15 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2D TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal nitrogen mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 20 6.72 2.9762 1.0906 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2005 Ambient Nutrients . . 7.4 0.2 34.72 -76.65 10 60 . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.036353333 0.036353333 0.0305 . . . . 0.0384 . . . . . . 0.0013 0.0013 0.0012 . . . . 0.0048 . . . . . . 29 87 170 7 16 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F2D TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal nitrogen mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 20 6.72 2.9762 1.0906 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . 2005 Enriched Nutrients . . natural range 53.1 1.2 34.72 -76.65 10 60 . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.080569 0.080569 0.0545 . . . . 0.0612 . . . . . . 0.0097 0.0097 0.0027 . . . . 0.002 . . . . . . 30 87 171 7 17 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F4A TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora, Dictyota menstrualis)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 13 7.9 1.6456 0.4981 N Y 0 Y "KM, BC" . Hoophole . . 0 1 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 A 0 0 0 28.3 0 0 0 24% 34.72 -76.65 5 30 . 5 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.576666667 2.576666667 1.5667 . 2.2793 . . 1.6667 . . . . . . 0.2162 0.2162 1.0462 . 0.3071 . . 0.4249 . . . . . . 31 87 172 7 18 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F4B TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora, Dictyota menstrualis)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 13 7.9 1.6456 0.4981 N Y 0 Y "KM, BC" . Duke . . 0 1 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 A 0 0 0 29.7 1.4 0 0 34% 34.72 -76.65 5 30 . 5 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5 0.520833333 0 . -0.21875 . . -0.020833333 . . . . . . 6.25 25.62161224 16.30466234 . 13.97542486 . . 4.658474953 . . . . . . 32 87 173 7 19 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F4C TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora, Dictyota menstrualis)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 13 7.9 1.6456 0.4981 N Y 0 Y "KM, BC" . Middle Marsh . . 0 1 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 A 0 0 0 28.8 0.5 0 0 44% 34.72 -76.65 5 30 . 5 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.753333333 3.753333333 2.43 . 1.8583 . . 2.4967 . . . . . . 1.0211 1.0211 1.3145 . 0.48 . . 0.2311 . . . . . . 33 87 174 7 20 "Boyer et al, Oikos 2009" F4D TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Codium fragile, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Hypnea musciformis, Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora, Dictyota menstrualis)" Inorganic nutrients Y 2 O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 6 6 . 30 100 0.3 -1.204 13 7.9 1.6456 0.4981 N Y 0 Y "KM, BC" . Radio Island Jetty . . 0 1 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 28.8 0.5 0 0 100% 34.72 -76.65 5 30 . 5 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.406666667 3.406666667 1.7853 . 3.0867 . . 2.8167 . . . . . . 1.282 1.282 1.7071 . 1.4087 . . 0.9093 . . . . . . 34 88 175 8 21 "Bracken & Stachowicz, Ecology 2006" T1 TD P RD I L g-1 hr-1 Pos Algal mass specific nitrogen uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Macroalgae (Chlorophyte, Heterokontophyte, Rhodophyte)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 8 8 . 0.4 19.5 0.0205 -3.8867 0.021 304 0.0001 -9.5803 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . NH4+ . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 32 256 . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.155 0.155 0.1148 . . . . 0.117 . . . . . . 0.0566 0.0566 0.0522 . . . . 0.0283 . . . . . . 35 88 175 8 21 "Bracken & Stachowicz, Ecology 2006" T1 TD P RD I L g-1 hr-1 Pos Algal mass specific nitrogen uptake rate (NO3-) Y Consumption Within Neither "Macroalgae (Chlorophyte, Heterokontophyte, Rhodophyte)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 8 8 . 0.4 19.5 0.0205 -3.8867 0.021 304 0.0001 -9.5803 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . NO3- . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 32 256 . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.017 0.08 0.0496 . . . . 0.047 . . . . . . 0.090509668 0.028284271 0.0421 . . . . 0.017 . . . . . . 36 88 175 8 21 "Bracken & Stachowicz, Ecology 2006" T1 TD P RD I L g-1 hr-1 Pos Algal mass specific nitrogen uptake rate (NH4+ and NO3-) Y Consumption Within Neither "Macroalgae (Chlorophyte, Heterokontophyte, Rhodophyte)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N . O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 8 8 . 0.4 19.5 0.0205 -3.8867 0.021 304 0.0001 -9.5803 N Y 0 N "KM, BC" . NH4+ and NO3- . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 32 256 . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.139 0.139 0.0869 . . . . 0.105 . . . . . . 0.0283 0.0283 0.0342 . . . . 0.017 . . . . . . 37 89 176 9 22 "Bruno et al, Ecology 2008" F3G TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Lagondon rhomboides, Arbacia punctulata, Ampithoe longimana)" "Plantae (Gracilaria tikvahlae, Hypnea musciformis, Codium fragile, Ulva sp., Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" N . O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 3.63 8.2645 2.112 21 365 0.0575 -2.8554 N Y 2 N "KM, BC" . Red Macroalgae . . 34.72 -76.72 8 24 . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1008 0.1008 0.5292 . 0.366 . . . . . . . . . 0.2681 0.2681 0.4585 . 0.2647 . . . . . . . . . 38 89 177 9 23 "Bruno et al, Ecology 2008" F3H TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Lagondon rhomboides, Arbacia punctulata, Ampithoe longimana)" "Plantae (Gracilaria tikvahlae, Hypnea musciformis, Codium fragile, Ulva sp., Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" N . O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 3.63 8.2645 2.112 21 365 0.0575 -2.8554 N Y 2 N "KM, BC" . Green Macroalgae . . 34.72 -76.72 8 24 . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.73 1.3729 3.2886 . 3.7676 . . . . . . . . . 2.44 1.72 1.444949137 . 0.632153462 . . . . . . . . . 39 89 178 9 24 "Bruno et al, Ecology 2008" F3I TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Lagondon rhomboides, Arbacia punctulata, Ampithoe longimana)" "Plantae (Gracilaria tikvahlae, Hypnea musciformis, Codium fragile, Ulva sp., Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" N . O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 3.63 8.2645 2.112 21 365 0.0575 -2.8554 N Y 2 N "KM, BC" . Brown Macroalgae . . 34.72 -76.72 8 24 . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.576933333 -2.1154 -1.5064 . -0.416666667 . . . . . . . . . 1.087813072 1.087813072 0.906605174 . 0.543906536 . . . . . . . . . 40 89 179 9 25 "Bruno et al, Ecology 2008" F3J TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Lagondon rhomboides, Arbacia punctulata, Ampithoe longimana)" "Plantae (Gracilaria tikvahlae, Hypnea musciformis, Codium fragile, Ulva sp., Sargassum filipendula, Padina gymnospora)" N . O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 3.63 8.2645 2.112 21 365 0.0575 -2.8554 N Y 6 N "KM, BC" . Mixture Macroalgae . . 34.72 -76.72 8 24 . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4416 0.4416 1.2277 . 1.2099 . . . . . . . . . 0.3496 0.3496 0.6637 . 0.5287 . . . . . . . . . 41 93 190 10 26 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 3 N KM . All Grazers . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.193333333 3.193333333 10.6533 . 2.7367 . . . . . . . . . 2.4 2.4 5.9879 . 1.7069 . . . . . . . . . 42 93 191 10 27 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Dulichiella appendiculata) ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N KM . D. appendiculata . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.063333333 1.063333333 11.6544 . 1.2167 . . . . . . . . . 1.364 1.364 5.3858 . 1.0566 . . . . . . . . . 43 93 192 10 28 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Elasmopus levis) ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N KM . E. levis . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.52 1.52 13.44 . 1.37 . . . . . . . . . 2.3851 2.3851 6.6496 . 1.0211 . . . . . . . . . 44 93 193 10 29 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata) ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N KM . P. caudata . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.5 6.8444 . 1.2167 . . . . . . . . . 2.0125 2.0125 5.6717 . 0 . . . . . . . . . 45 93 194 10 30 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 BU H SST . number L-1 Pos Herbivore Abundance N Production Within Neither . "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 0 N KM . No Predators . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.1 28.1 20.3333 . 22.4667 . . . . . . . . . 13.9382 13.9382 9.8474 . 9.8387 . . . . . . . . . 46 93 195 10 31 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 BU H SST . number L-1 Pos Herbivore Abundance N Production Within Neither Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris) "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 1 N KM . Predator: Shrimp . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.4 665.4 466.6 . 458.6 . . . . . . . . . 146.316 287.377 240.598 149.343 . . . . . . . . . 47 93 196 10 32 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 BU H SST . number L-1 Pos Herbivore Abundance N Production Within Neither Animalia (Panopeus herbstii) "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 1 N KM . Predator: Crab . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 558.2 439.4 . 413 . . . . . . . . . 212.7853 201.1401501 193.5087939 220.9660607 . . . . . . . . . 48 93 197 10 33 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 BU H SST . number L-1 Pos Herbivore Abundance N Production Within Neither Animalia (Fundulus heteroclitus) "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 1 N KM . Predator: Fish . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.5 2.0278 . 3.1933 . . . . . . . . . 2.0125 2.0125 1.9663 . 2.4 . . . . . . . . . 49 93 198 10 34 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 BU H SST . number L-1 Pos Herbivore Abundance N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 3 N KM . Predator: Polyculture . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.37 1.37 1.2678 . 2.7367 . . . . . . . . . 1.0211 1.0211 0.8483 . 1.7069 . . . . . . . . . 50 93 199 10 35 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" F1 BU H SST . number L-1 Pos Herbivore Abundance N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 3 N KM . Predator: Polyculture Additive . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 122 51.13333333 . 61.2 . . . . . . . . . 20.97140911 110.7596497 65.71 . 65.71072972 . . . . . . . . . 51new 93 191 10 29 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata) ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N JG . D. appendiculata . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.198 0.738 0.448666667 . 0.362 . . . . . . . . . 0.283584203 0.263856021 0.527727834 . 0.302605354 . . . . . . . . . 52new 93 192 10 28 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Elasmopus levis) ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N JG . E. levis . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.156 1.156 0.376666667 . 0.536 . . . . . . . . . 1.578378915 1.578378915 0.938228828 . 0.556623751 . . . . . . . . . 53new 93 193 10 27 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Dulichiella appendiculata) ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N JG . P. caudata . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.682 0.682 0.38 . 0.742 . . . . . . . . . 0.485767434 0.485767434 0.543197324 . 0.579974137 . . . . . . . . . 54new 93 190 10 26 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 3 N JG . All Grazers . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.596 1.596 0.587333333 . 0.7 . . . . . . . . . 0.870074709 0.870074709 0.593382957 . 0.640819787 . . . . . . . . . 55new 93 191 10 35 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 A 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N JG . D. appendiculata . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.738 0.738 0.448666667 . 1.068 . . . . . . . . . 0.263856021 0.263856021 0.527727834 . 0.997206097 . . . . . . . . . 56new 93 192 10 34 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris, Panopeus herbstii, Fundulus heteroclitus)" "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 A 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N JG . E. levis . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.156 1.156 0.376666667 . 0.586 . . . . . . . . . 1.578378915 1.578378915 0.938228828 . 0.601772382 . . . . . . . . . 57new 93 193 10 32 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither Animalia (Panopeus herbstii) "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 A 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 1 N JG . P. caudata . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.682 0.682 0.38 . 0.672 . . . . . . . . . 0.485767434 0.485767434 0.543197324 . 0.799293438 . . . . . . . . . 58new 93 190 10 31 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author (see: pred meta>data sets>pred biomass data from James>sheet: total mass change of survivors) TD C SST . g Pos Predator biomass N Production Within Neither Animalia (Palaemonetes vulgaris) "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 A 2 3 3 . 30 0.872 34.4037 3.5382 25 289 0.0865 -2.4476 N Y 3 N JG . All Grazers . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.596 1.596 0.587333333 . 0.67 . . . . . . . . . 0.870074709 0.870074709 0.593382957 . 1.07391806 . . . . . . . . . 60 93 194 10 30 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" "Plantae (Sargassum filipendula, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Ulva sp.)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 5 N KM . No Predators . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.257 31.4401 37.44442294 . 47.26055899 . . . . . . . . . 23.952 28.46334675 23.68127698 . 64.92274498 . . . . . . . . . 61 93 195 10 31 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" "Plantae (Sargassum filipendula, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Ulva sp.)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 5 Y KM . Shrimp Predator . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.137586881 2.137586881 2.1871 . 1.9991 . . . . . . . . . 0.5273 0.5273 0.6047 . 0.4777 . . . . . . . . . 62 93 196 10 32 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" "Plantae (Sargassum filipendula, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Ulva sp.)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 5 Y KM . Crab Predator . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.207636772 2.207636772 2.3398 . 2.2897 . . . . . . . . . 0.4776 0.4776 0.678 . 0.4886 . . . . . . . . . 63 93 197 10 33 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" "Plantae (Sargassum filipendula, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Ulva sp.)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 5 Y KM . Fish Predator . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.285591134 2.285591134 2.3855 . 2.0146 . . . . . . . . . 0.3764 0.3764 0.8121 . 0.3429 . . . . . . . . . 64 93 198 10 34 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" "Plantae (Sargassum filipendula, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Ulva sp.)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 5 Y KM . 3 Predators . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.407 19.702 24.16414643 . 34.03656682 . . . . . . . . . 13.47 10.44729743 13.82323044 . 7.689674022 . . . . . . . . . 65 93 199 10 35 "Douglass et al, Ecol Lett 2008" Data From Author TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca (Paracerceis caudata, Elasmopus levis, Dulichiella appendiculata)" "Plantae (Sargassum filipendula, Gracilaria tikvahiae, Ulva sp.)" ? O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 30 0.0017 17267.9875 9.7566 25 7 3.5714 1.273 N Y 5 Y KM . 3 Predators Additive . . 34.72 -76.72 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.413554515 19.7022057 23.58601874 . 23.76346075 . . . . . . . . . 17.26500352 17.26500352 19.04785895 . 28.25581529 . . . . . . . . . 66 95 203 11 36 "Hillebrand et al, Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2009" F1A TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal carbon mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae Y 2 O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 6 6 . 24 0.0355 675.5806 6.5156 35 192 0.1823 -1.7021 N Y . N KM . . . . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0106 0.0106 0.0794 . 0.058 . . 0.0461 . . . . . . 0 0 0.0269 . 0.0342 . . 0.016 . . . . . . 67 95 204 11 37 "Hillebrand et al, Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2009" F2A TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal carbon mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae Y 2 O A 4 hard 3 1 S 3 4 4 . 24 0.0253 948.7572 6.8552 56 152 0.3684 -0.9985 N Y . N KM . . . . 58.88 11.14 4 16 24 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0726 0.0726 0.125 0.0902 . 0.108 . . . . . . . . 0.0378 0.0378 0.0345 0.0351 . 0.046 . . . . . . . . 68 96 205 12 38 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" "F2, Data From Author" TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: chl a .0025 m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 1 192 0.0052 -5.2575 N Y . N KM . Open System Beginning of experiment . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.661149274 0.661149274 0.2619 . 0.2686 . . 0.3309 . . . . . . 0.5061 0.5061 0.7278 . 0.6757 . . 0.5602 . . . . . . 69 96 205 12 38 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" "F2, Data From Author" TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: chl a .0025 m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 1 192 0.0052 -5.2575 N Y . N KM The Y1 value is negative because the monocultures experienced more algal growth then the herbivore free controls. Open System Middle of experiment . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.836268147 0.836268147 -0.0489 . 0.1271 . . 0.1578 . . . . . . 0.3574 0.3574 0.8384 . 0.9551 . . 0.7757 . . . . . . 70 96 205 12 38 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" "F2, Data From Author" TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal chl a mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 35 192 0.1823 -1.7021 N Y . N KM . Open System . . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 15 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.000449424 0.000449424 0.0009 . 0.001 . . 0.0005 . . . . . . 0.0005 0.0005 0.0006 . 0.001 . . 0.0001 . . . . . . 71 96 205 12 38 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" Data From Author TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: ęg cm-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 35 192 0.1823 -1.7021 N Y . N KM The Y1 and Y3 values are negative because the monocultures and three species treatments experienced more algal growth then the herbivore free controls. Open System . . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 15 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.503766272 0.503766272 -0.0067 . -0.1069 . . 0.4493 . . . . . . 1.0294 1.0294 1.2282 . 1.5754 . . 0.6591 . . . . . . 72 96 206 12 39 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" "F2, Data From Author" TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: chl a .0025 m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 1 192 0.0052 -5.2575 N Y . N KM . Closed System Beginning of experiment . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.968616923 0.968616923 0.5119 . 0.4787 . . 0.5524 . . . . . . 0.2948 0.2948 0.4884 . 0.4125 . . 0.3011 . . . . . . 73 96 206 12 39 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" "F2, Data From Author" TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: chl a .0025 m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 1 192 0.0052 -5.2575 N Y . N KM . Closed System Middle of experiment . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.912001892 0.912001892 0.4585 . 0.6238 . . 0.636 . . . . . . 0.2292 0.2292 0.6023 . 0.5347 . . 0.2808 . . . . . . 74 96 206 12 39 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" "F2, Data From Author" TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal chl a mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 35 192 0.1823 -1.7021 N Y . N KM . Closed System . . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.000184383 0.000184383 0.0012 . 0.0008 . . 0.0007 . . . . . . 0.0001 0.0001 0.0012 . 0.0007 . . 0.0002 . . . . . . 75 96 206 12 39 "Matthiessen et al, Ecology 2007" Data From Author TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: ęg cm-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina saxatilis, Littorina fabalis, Gammarus duebenii, Idotea granulosa, Palaemon elegans)" Macroalgae (Periphyton) N . O A 4 hard 1 2 S 3 6 6 0.14 . 0.0355 3.9409 1.3714 35 192 0.1823 -1.7021 N Y . N KM . Closed System . . 58.88 11.14 4 24 . 16 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.88155818 0.88155818 0.2257 . 0.5019 . . 0.5422 . . . . . . 0.282 0.282 0.9822 . 0.7081 . . 0.3921 . . . . . . 76 99 211 13 40 "OConnor & Bruno, J Anim Ecol 2009" F1A TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Callinectes sapidus, Palaemonetes vulgaris, Lagodon rhomboides, Hypleurochilus geminatus, Fundulus majalis)" Animalia (Invertebrates) N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 3 5 5 . 50 3.44 14.5349 2.6766 10 279 0.0358 -3.3286 N Y 20 N KM . . . . 34.72 -76.75 4 20 4 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.215 7.215 13.815 12.67 . . 11.31 . . . . . . . 2.2218 2.2218 7.0149 1.9549 . . 3.8237 . . . . . . . 77 99 212 13 41 "OConnor & Bruno, J Anim Ecol 2009" F1C TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Portunus spinimanus, Panaeus aztecus, Lagodon rhomboides, Starksia ocellata, Fundulus heteroclitus)" Animalia (Invertebrates) N O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 5 5 . 30 2.1 14.2857 2.6593 25 324 0.0772 -2.5619 N Y 4 N KM . . . . 34.72 -76.75 11 52 . 11 . 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.327777778 0.327777778 3.0686 . 3.5194 . 2.2152 . . . . . . . 0.2754 0.2754 4.2246 . 8.8404 . 2.5899 . . . . . . . 78 102 216 14 42 "Vanelslander et al, J Ecol 2009" "F1, F2" TD P SST . g L-1 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae: Bacillariophyceae (Navicula phyllepta, Navicula flanatica, Navicula arenara, Navicula gregaria, Navicula cincta, Haslea spicula, Nitzschia sp., Cylindrotheca closterium)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 3 S 4 8 8 . 0.0077 0 2995671.838 14.9127 25 5.13 4.8733 1.5838 N Y 0 N KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.35 3.72 5 40 30 . 20 . . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.58504356 3.58504356 1.7164 2.5295 . 3.6607 . . . 3.06 . . . . 0.5489 0.5489 0.3519 0.3569 . 0.4028 . . . 0.2719 . . . . 79 112 276 15 43 "Godbold et al, Oikos 2009" F2A TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Hediste diversicolor, Hydrobia ulvae, Littorina littorea)" "Plantae (Fucus spiralis, Ulva intestinalis)" N O A 4 soft 3 1 S 3 3 3 0.018 . 0.25 0.072 -2.6311 14 273 0.0513 -2.9704 N Y 1 N KM . Fucus spiralis . . 57.33 -2 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.128161 84.128161 104.2811 83.5863 66.46 . . . . . . . . . 32.0881 32.0881 41.0613 25.8838 18.1046 . . . . . . . . . 80 112 277 15 44 "Godbold et al, Oikos 2009" F2B TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Hediste diversicolor, Hydrobia ulvae, Littorina littorea)" "Plantae (Fucus spiralis, Ulva intestinalis)" N O A 4 soft 3 1 S 3 3 3 0.018 . 0.25 0.072 -2.6311 14 273 0.0513 -2.9704 N Y 1 N KM . Ulva intestinalis . . 57.33 -2 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515.2661632 515.2661632 656.4978 477.1923 475.3962 . . . . . . . . . 137.7082 137.7082 239.8166 141.9209 162.1292 . . . . . . . . . 81 112 278 15 45 "Godbold et al, Oikos 2009" F2B TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Hediste diversicolor, Hydrobia ulvae, Littorina littorea)" "Plantae (Fucus spiralis, Ulva intestinalis)" N O A 4 soft 3 1 S 3 3 3 0.018 . 0.25 0.072 -2.6311 14 273 0.0513 -2.9704 N Y 2 N KM . Fucus spiralis and Ulva intestinalis . . 57.33 -2 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.3897182 248.8391244 267.5319 248.8519 296.0095 . . . . . . . . . 124.9563 127.9136926 128.2355 65.9795 157.5503 . . . . . . . . . 82 123 316 16 46 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 2 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 27 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.018777496 0.112167523 0.0557 . 0.0457 . . 0.0608 0.0236 . . . . . 0.0095 0.009504958 0.0332 . 0.0273 . . 0.0408 0.0186 . . . . . 83 123 317 16 47 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 4 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.018089306 0.106951564 0.0644 . 0.0493 . . 0.0659 0.0547 . . . . . 0.0066 0.025379797 0.0346 . 0.022 . . 0.0199 0.0103 . . . . . 84 123 318 16 48 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 8 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.023354533 0.10312084 0.0654 . 0.0532 . . 0.0541 0.0637 . . . . . 0.011 0.010456999 0.029 . 0.0112 . . 0.0252 0.008 . . . . . 85 123 319 16 49 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 12 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100735978 0.100735978 0.0628 . 0.05 . . 0.0617 0.0705 . . . . . 0.0069 0.0069 0.0262 . 0.0154 . . 0.0176 0.0018 . . . . . 86 123 320 16 50 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 20 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.098359775 0.098359775 0.0674 . 0.0616 . . 0.0563 0.0918 . . . . . 0.045 0.045 0.0334 . 0.052 . . 0.0154 0.0273 . . . . . 87 123 321 16 51 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 30 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100045938 0.100045938 0.0632 . 0.0467 . . 0.0534 0.0774 . . . . . 0.0076 0.0076 0.0273 . 0.0233 . . 0.019 0.004 . . . . . 88 123 322 16 52 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 40 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.102474309 0.102474309 0.0646 . 0.0518 . . 0.0616 0.0733 . . . . . 0.0059 0.0059 0.0246 . 0.0074 . . 0.016 0.0057 . . . . . 89 123 323 16 53 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 3 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 60 umol/liter Non-Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.099042532 0.099042532 0.0635 . 0.0534 . . 0.0577 0.0724 . . . . . 0.0063 0.0063 0.0269 . 0.0089 . . 0.0075 0.0072 . . . . . 90 123 324 16 54 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 2 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 27 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.018777496 0.112167523 0.0557 . 0.0995 . . 0.0318 0.0424 . . . . . 0.0095 0.009504958 0.0332 . 0.1606 . . 0.0329 0.0673 . . . . . 91 123 325 16 55 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 4 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 11 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.018089306 0.106951564 0.0644 . 0.0975 . . 0.0456 0.0632 . . . . . 0.0066 0.025379797 0.0346 . 0.0527 . . 0.0176 0.0134 . . . . . 92 123 326 16 56 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 8 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 11 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.023354533 0.10312084 0.0654 . 0.0863 . . 0.0607 0.0492 . . . . . 0.011 0.010456999 0.029 . 0.026 . . 0.0114 0.0078 . . . . . 93 123 327 16 57 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 12 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.028227961 0.100735978 0.0628 . 0.078 . . 0.0631 0.0579 . . . . . 0.0046 0.006886102 0.0262 . 0.0158 . . 0.0127 0.0087 . . . . . 94 123 328 16 58 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 20 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.098359775 0.098359775 0.0674 . 0.0816 . . 0.0852 0.0736 . . . . . 0.045 0.045 0.0334 . 0.0305 . . 0.0348 0.0197 . . . . . 95 123 329 16 59 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 30 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.100045938 0.100045938 0.0632 . 0.0781 . . 0.0672 0.0723 . . . . . 0.0076 0.0076 0.0273 . 0.0214 . . 0.0067 0.0074 . . . . . 96 123 330 16 60 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 40 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 12 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.102474309 0.102474309 0.0646 . 0.0757 . . 0.0589 0.0678 . . . . . 0.0059 0.0059 0.0246 . 0.016 . . 0.0084 0.008 . . . . . 97 123 331 16 61 "Bracken et al, PNAS 2008" Data From Author TD P RD I L NH4+ h-1 g-1 Pos Algal nitrogren uptake rate (NH4+) Y Consumption Within Neither "Plantae (Porphyra, Mazzaella, Endocladia, Corallina, Mastocarpus, Prionitis, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients (N) N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 4 7 7 . 0.4 3.5 0.1143 -2.1691 0.03125 365 0.0001 -9.3656 N Y 0 N KM . 60 umol/liter Random Extinction . 1 0 1 Nfert A E C 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eut 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 4 28 . 10 . . 8 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.022547374 0.099042532 0.0635 . 0.0832 . . 0.0657 0.0598 . . . . . 0.0027 0.006288448 0.0269 . 0.0135 . . 0.0097 0.0056 . . . . . 98 132 342 17 62 "Griffin et al, Ecology 2008" "Appendix D, Data From Author" TD C RD I g day-1 Pos Predator consumption rate Y Consumption Within Neither "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda (Carcinus maenas, Necora puber, Cancer pagurus)" "Animalia: Mollusca (Mytilus edulis, Littorina littorea, Gibbula umbilicalis, Patella ulyssiponensis)" N O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 48 52 0.9231 -0.08 5 1277 0.0039 -5.5428 N Y 5 N KM . Low Density . . 50.37 -4.13 6 18 . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.168 0.168 0.165 . 0.249 . . . . . . . . . 0.1298 0.1298 0.3283 . 0.1739 . . . . . . . . . 99 132 343 17 63 "Griffin et al, Ecology 2008" "Appendix D, Data From Author" TD C RD I g day-1 Pos Predator consumption rate Y Consumption Within Neither "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda (Carcinus maenas, Necora puber, Cancer pagurus)" "Animalia: Mollusca (Mytilus edulis, Littorina littorea, Gibbula umbilicalis, Patella ulyssiponensis)" N O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 3 3 . 48 52 0.9231 -0.08 5 1277 0.0039 -5.5428 N Y 5 N KM . High Density . . 50.37 -4.13 6 18 . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.222 0.222 0.213 . 0.519 . . . . . . . . . 0.1347 0.1347 0.3715 . 0.2694 . . . . . . . . . 100 136 347 18 64 "Stachowicz et al, PNAS 2008" F1A TD P SST . g m-2 Pos Algal wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 3 2 S 2 4 4 0.0225 . 3.5 0.0064 -5.047 35 365 0.0959 -2.3445 N Y 0 N KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 10 40 . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3758.933333 3758.933333 3225.6 . . 3251.2 . . . . . . . . 492.472 492.472 472.2335 . . 337.3096 . . . . . . . . 101 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 120 365 0.3288 -1.1124 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.83660131 . 102.7264 . . 93.9394 . . . . . . . . 21.5517 21.5517 22.3905 . . 30.1917 . . . . . . . . 102 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 210 365 0.5753 -0.5528 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.0620915 76.0620915 70.8594 . . 76.2923 . . . . . . . . 21.4486 21.4486 30.2562 . . 34.274 . . . . . . . . 103 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 300 365 0.8219 -0.1961 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.51633987 57.51633987 51.6688 . . 63.369 . . . . . . . . 24.4378 24.4378 20.2407 . . 20.6175 . . . . . . . . 104 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 390 365 1.0685 0.0662 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.47712418 59.47712418 55.3609 . . 82.8877 . . . . . . . . 26.8014 26.8014 26.2213 . . 32.4904 . . . . . . . . 105 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 480 365 1.3151 0.2739 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.02614379 82.02614379 72.111 . . 106.5062 . . . . . . . . 36.2958 36.2958 34.995 . . 40.2517 . . . . . . . . 106 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 570 365 1.5616 0.4457 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.12418301 77.12418301 71.0889 . . 105.0802 . . . . . . . . 33.5068 33.5068 35.6668 . . 47.7479 . . . . . . . . 107 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 660 365 1.8082 0.5923 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.85620915 73.85620915 67.2299 . . 88.1462 . . . . . . . . 27.2123 27.2123 26.3251 . . 25.1846 . . . . . . . . 108 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 750 365 2.0548 0.7202 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.72222222 84.72222222 73.9257 . . 81.9964 . . . . . . . . 35.129 35.129 29.619 . . 28.2866 . . . . . . . . 109 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 840 365 2.3014 0.8335 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.86928105 89.86928105 66.917 . . 117.2014 . . . . . . . . 17.7671 17.7671 18.7959 . . 30.8485 . . . . . . . . 110 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 930 365 2.5479 0.9353 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.83333333 95.83333333 78.0142 . . 122.8164 . . . . . . . . 31.8511 31.8511 27.4849 . . 29.6432 . . . . . . . . 111 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 1020 365 2.7945 1.0277 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.23856209 67.23856209 58.6149 . . 94.2068 . . . . . . . . 28.5447 28.5447 23.1239 . . 28.2906 . . . . . . . . 112 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 1110 365 3.0411 1.1122 Y N 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.94771242 85.94771242 69.9833 . . 116.7558 . . . . . . . . 34.0859 34.0859 30.3873 . . 34.0337 . . . . . . . . 113 152 404 19 65 "Stachowicz et al, Ecology 2008" "F1, Data From Author" TD P SST . cover m-2 Pos Algal percent cover N Production Within Neither "Macroalgae (Pelvetiopsis, Mastocarpus, Endocladia, Cladophora)" Inorganic nutrients N O A 4 hard 2 2 S 2 4 4 1.76 . 3.5 0.5029 -0.6874 1200 365 3.2877 1.1902 Y Y 0 Y KM . . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.32 -123.07 12 47 . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.30718954 76.30718954 53.9424 . . 111.1408 . . . . . . . . 31.2521 31.2521 28.828 . . 36.3176 . . . . . . . . 114 172 526 20 66 "Ericson et al, Mar Biodiversity 2009" F2 TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina obtusata, Idotea granulosa, Gammarus duebeni)" Macroalgae N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 2 4 4 . 1 0.03 33.3333 3.5066 7 152 0.0461 -3.078 N Y 8 N KM . Experiment 1 . . 58.9 11.11 5 20 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.91 3.318 6.2095 . . 7.41 . . . . . . . . 1.0286 0.831817288 1.245 . . 0.4919 . . . . . . . . 115 172 527 20 67 "Ericson et al, Mar Biodiversity 2009" F2 TD H SSR . g L-1 Neg algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Littorina littorea, Littorina obtusata, Idotea granulosa, Gammarus duebeni)" Macroalgae N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 2 4 4 . 1 0.03 33.3333 3.5066 7 152 0.0461 -3.078 N Y 8 N KM . Experiment 2 . . 58.9 11.11 5 20 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.023 3.023 5.229 . . 4.994 . . . . . . . . 1.2254 1.2254 1.2294 . . 1.1538 . . . . . . . . 116 174 531 21 68 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 7 1 7 1.9459 Y N 0 N KM . Control Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.030074175 0.030074175 0.0159 0.0183 . 0.0166 . . . . . . . . 0.0028 0.0028 0.0098 0.0118 . 0.0006 . . . . . . . . 117 174 531 21 68 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 11 1 11 2.3979 Y N 0 N KM . Control Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.060086574 0.060086574 0.0397 0.0411 . 0.0627 . . . . . . . . 0.0207 0.0207 0.0238 0.0289 . 0.0061 . . . . . . . . 118 174 531 21 68 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 14 1 14 2.6391 Y N 0 N KM . Control Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.018730447 0.422079028 0.1481 0.1185 . 0.0903 . . . . . . . . 0.0047 0.050395048 0.1687 0.0965 . 0.011 . . . . . . . . 119 174 531 21 68 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 18 1 18 2.8904 Y Y 0 N KM . Control Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.389061764 0.389061764 0.1381 0.1628 . 0.1749 . . . . . . . . 0.0577 0.0577 0.1578 0.1453 . 0.0528 . . . . . . . . 120 174 532 21 69 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 7 1 7 1.9459 Y N 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.030074175 0.030074175 0.0159 0.0183 . 0.0166 . . . . . . . . 0.0028 0.0028 0.0098 0.0118 . 0.0006 . . . . . . . . 121 174 532 21 69 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 11 1 11 2.3979 Y N 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.034191472 0.034191472 0.0199 0.0232 . 0.0302 . . . . . . . . 0.0084 0.0084 0.0133 0.0076 . 0.0117 . . . . . . . . 122 174 532 21 69 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 14 1 14 2.6391 Y N 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.007350311 0.120301696 0.0572 0.0467 . 0.0434 . . . . . . . . 0.003 0.054975652 0.0546 0.0555 . 0.0123 . . . . . . . . 123 174 532 21 69 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 80480.2856 11.2958 18 1 18 2.8904 Y Y 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 1 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.003629789 0.258808676 0.0944 0.0713 . 0.0628 . . . . . . . . 0.0006 0.055932325 0.107 0.1026 . 0.0364 . . . . . . . . 124 174 533 21 70 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Cohnilembus reniformis, Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Uronychia transfuga, Euplotes minuta, Uronema marinum, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 8 7 . 0.0155 0 122775.3162 11.7181 7 1 7 1.9459 Y N 0 N KM . Control Experiment 2 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 28 . . 7 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.017066266 0.017066266 0.0105 . . 0.0237 . . 0.0559 . . . . . 0.0033 0.0033 0.0045 . . 0.0089 . . 0.0122 . . . . . 125 174 533 21 70 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Cohnilembus reniformis, Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Uronychia transfuga, Euplotes minuta, Uronema marinum, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 8 7 . 0.0155 0 122775.3162 11.7181 13 1 13 2.5649 Y N 0 N KM . Control Experiment 2 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 28 . . 7 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.099348893 0.099348893 0.0453 . . 0.1615 . . 0.3057 . . . . . 0.006 0.006 0.0284 . . 0.0981 . . 0.0478 . . . . . 126 174 533 21 70 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Cohnilembus reniformis, Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Uronychia transfuga, Euplotes minuta, Uronema marinum, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 8 7 . 0.0155 0 122775.3162 11.7181 18 1 18 2.8904 Y Y 0 N KM . Control Experiment 2 . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 28 . . 7 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.119161449 0.119161449 0.0502 . . 0.2077 . . 0.2318 . . . . . 0.0137 0.0137 0.041 . . 0.1704 . . 0.038 . . . . . 127 174 534 21 71 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Cohnilembus reniformis, Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Uronychia transfuga, Euplotes minuta, Uronema marinum, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 8 7 . 0.0155 0 122775.3162 11.7181 7 1 7 1.9459 Y N 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 2 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 28 . . 7 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.017066266 0.017066266 0.0105 . . 0.0237 . . 0.0559 . . . . . 0.0033 0.0033 0.0045 . . 0.0089 . . 0.0122 . . . . . 128 174 534 21 71 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Cohnilembus reniformis, Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Uronychia transfuga, Euplotes minuta, Uronema marinum, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 8 7 . 0.0155 0 122775.3162 11.7181 13 1 13 2.5649 Y N 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 2 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 28 . . 7 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.059462748 0.059462748 0.0311 . . 0.0682 . . 0.1442 . . . . . 0.0038 0.0038 0.0198 . . 0.0332 . . 0.0671 . . . . . 129 174 534 21 71 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Uronychia sp., Cohnilembus reniformis, Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Uronychia transfuga, Euplotes minuta, Uronema marinum, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 8 7 . 0.0155 0 122775.3162 11.7181 18 1 18 2.8904 Y Y 0 N KM . Disturbed Experiment 2 . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 28 . . 7 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.06843632 0.06843632 0.028 . . 0.147 . . 0.1483 . . . . . 0.0198 0.0198 0.0205 . . 0.113 . . 0.0497 . . . . . 130 174 535 21 72 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 98432.2286 11.4971 7 1 7 1.9459 Y N 0 N KM . Experiment 3 Control . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.025075199 0.025075199 0.018 0.0365 . 0.0398 . . . . . . . . 0.0085 0.0085 0.0082 0.0162 . 0.0027 . . . . . . . . 131 174 535 21 72 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 98432.2286 11.4971 10 1 10 2.3026 Y N 0 N KM . Experiment 3 Control . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 2 8 4 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.037970012 0.037970012 0.0222 0.0448 . 0.0596 . . . . . . . . 0.01 0.01 0.0115 0.0131 . 0.0008 . . . . . . . . 132 174 535 21 72 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 98432.2286 11.4971 14 1 14 2.6391 Y Y 0 N KM . Experiment 3 Control . 1 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 2 8 4 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.026525418 0.026525418 0.0158 0.0207 . 0.0524 . . . . . . . . 0.0019 0.0019 0.0078 0.018 . 0.026 . . . . . . . . 133 174 536 21 73 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 98432.2286 11.4971 7 1 7 1.9459 Y N 0 N KM . Experiment 3 Disturbed . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.025075199 0.025075199 0.018 0.0365 . 0.0398 . . . . . . . . 0.0085 0.0085 0.0082 0.0162 . 0.0027 . . . . . . . . 134 174 536 21 73 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 98432.2286 11.4971 10 1 10 2.3026 Y N 0 N KM . Experiment 3 Disturbed . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.036577778 0.036577778 0.0235 0.0343 . 0.0428 . . . . . . . . 0.0047 0.0047 0.0111 0.0163 . 0.0051 . . . . . . . . 135 174 536 21 73 "Moorthi et al, Estuaries Coasts 2008" Data From Author TD H SST . g m-2 Pos ciliate wet mass N Production Within Neither "Plantae (Keronopsis rubra, Euplotes sp., Euplotes minuta, Oxytricha sp.)" Nutrients N O A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 4 4 . 0.0155 0 98432.2286 11.4971 14 1 14 2.6391 Y Y 0 N KM . Experiment 3 Disturbed . 1 0 0 Other A E C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.92 6.92 4 16 8 . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.025059248 0.025059248 0.0115 0.0285 . 0.034 . . . . . . . . 0.0038 0.0038 0.0098 0.012 . 0.0049 . . . . . . . . 136 175 537 22 74 "Griffin et al, Oikos 2009b" F2 TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: g m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Mollusca (Patella vulgata, Littorina saxatilis, Gibbula umbilicalis)" Macroalgae N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 2 3 3 0.5625 . 0.41 1.372 0.3162 6 547 0.011 -4.5127 N Y 5 N KM . Flat . . 50.34 -4.45 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 0.52 0.326 . 0.385 . . . . . . . . . 0.208 0.208 0.174 . 0.457 . . . . . . . . . 137 175 538 22 75 "Griffin et al, Oikos 2009b" F2 TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: g m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Mollusca (Patella vulgata, Littorina saxatilis, Gibbula umbilicalis)" Macroalgae N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 2 3 3 0.5625 . 0.41 1.372 0.3162 6 547 0.011 -4.5127 N Y 5 N KM . Rough . . 50.34 -4.45 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.809 0.809 0.3424 . 0.474 . . . . . . . . . 0.076 0.076 0.1101 . 0.2091 . . . . . . . . . 138 175 539 22 76 "Griffin et al, Oikos 2009b" F2 TD H RD C proportional change Pos Original units: g m-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Mollusca (Patella vulgata, Littorina saxatilis, Gibbula umbilicalis)" Macroalgae N O A 4 hard 1 2 S 2 3 3 0.5625 . 0.41 1.372 0.3162 6 547 0.011 -4.5127 N Y 5 N KM . Heterogeneous . . 50.34 -4.45 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.474 0.474 0.3993 . 0.625 . . . . . . . . . 0.1409 0.1409 0.1274 . 0.2827 . . . . . . . . . 139 182 556 23 77 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 0.17 365 0.0005 -7.6719 Y N 1 N KM . Trial 1 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.615838182 0.615838182 0.239 . . 0.5319 0.2489 . . . 0.6492 . . . 0.0583 0.0583 0.1726 . . 0.0687 0.1334 . . . 0.0509 . . . 140 182 556 23 77 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 0.33 365 0.0009 -7.0086 Y N 1 N KM . Trial 1 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.936238458 0.936238458 0.5901 . . 0.6388 0.5962 . . . 0.8964 . . . 0.0115 0.0115 0.1174 . . 0.0628 0.085 . . . 0.0178 . . . 141 182 556 23 77 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 1 365 0.0027 -5.8999 Y Y 1 N KM . Trial 1 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.784388427 0.784388427 0.156 . . 0.4028 0.0767 . . . 0.1731 . . . 0.1019 0.1019 0.2055 . . 0.1095 0.197 . . . 0.144 . . . 142 182 557 23 78 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 0.04 365 0.0001 -9.1188 Y N 1 N KM . Trial 2 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.861756864 0.861756864 0.1518 . . 0.4285 0.6373 . . . 0.5694 . . . 0.0272 0.0272 0.2253 . . 0.1169 0.0779 . . . 0.0939 . . . 143 182 557 23 78 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 0.17 365 0.0005 -7.6719 Y N 1 N KM . Trial 2 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.863487488 0.863487488 0.5098 . . 0.8375 0.7598 . . . 0.7972 . . . 0.0195 0.0195 0.0944 . . 0.0235 0.0356 . . . 0.0303 . . . 144 182 557 23 78 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 0.33 365 0.0009 -7.0086 Y N 1 N KM . Trial 2 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.908827629 0.908827629 0.6657 . . 0.8602 0.768 . . . 0.8607 . . . 0.0154 0.0154 0.0783 . . 0.024 0.0408 . . . 0.0247 . . . 145 182 557 23 78 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecol Lett 2009" "F1, F2, Data From Author" TD H RD T proportional change Pos Original units: in vivo chlorophyll N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Ascidia ceratodes, Ciona intestinalis, Botrylloides diegensis, Botrylloides violaceous, Distaplia occidentalis, Didemnum vexillum, Mytilus californianus, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Watersipora subtorquata)" Plantae (phytoplankton) N O A 4 hard 3 3 S 4 9 9 . 5 0.99 5.0505 1.6195 1 365 0.0027 -5.8999 Y Y 1 N KM . Trial 2 . . 34.87 -119.85 6 54 . . 12 6 . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.871316025 0.871316025 0.7793 . . 0.8556 0.7469 . . . 0.8437 . . . 0.0226 0.0226 0.0425 . . 0.0251 0.0451 . . . 0.0281 . . . 146 193 575 24 79 "Byrnes & Stachowicz, Ecology 2009" "Data From Author, F1" TD C SSR . cover m-2 Pos Resource percent cover N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Pachygrapsus crassipes, Lottia limatula, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Mopalia muscosa)" "Animalia (Porifera, Cnidaria, Bryozoa, Chordata)" N O A 4 hard 3 2 S 3 4 4 0.034 . 3.1 0.011 -4.5128 60 417 0.1439 -1.9387 N Y 4 N KM . . . . 38.33 -123.06 6 24 23 . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.66666667 96.66666667 7.32E+01 8.34E+01 . 9.31E+01 . . . . . . . . 5.43 5.43 26.25 20.26 . 4.58 . . . . . . . . 147 7 16 25 80 Bruno & O'Connor 2005 F1 TD C SSR . number L-1 Neg Herbivore abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Arthropoda/Chordata ... Pinfish, crab, shrimp, blennie, killifish)" Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca:Amphipoda ? 2 O A 5 hard 3 2 S 3 5 5 . 30 2.6 11.5385 2.4457 22 312.5 0.0704 -2.6536 N Y 13 N "ED(PR), BC, KM" . . . . 34.72 -76.72 11 55 . 11 . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.443333333 0.443333333 3.5093 . 1.52 . 1.49 . . . . . . . 0.1769 0.1769 2.4822 . 1.1277 . 1.8131 . . . . . . . 148 7 16 25 80 Bruno & O'Connor 2005 F2 TD C SSR-1 . g Pos Macroalgal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Arthropoda/Chordata ... Pinfish, crab, shrimp, blennie, killifish)" Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca:Amphipoda ? 2 O A 5 hard 3 2 S 3 5 5 . 30 2.6 11.5385 2.4457 22 N Y 13 N JSL . . . 34.72 -76.72 11 55 . 11 . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.59 70.59 43.23 17.5449451 17.5449451 5.8704259 149 10 23 26 81 Callaway et al. 2003 "F3, F4" TD P SST . g m-2 Pos Plant aboveground dry mass N Production Within Neither Plantae (Saltmarsh vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O T 5 saltmarsh 2 2 S 3 8 6 4 . 43.875 0.0912 -2.3951 1005 638.75 1.5734 0.4532 N Y 0 Y "DS, BC" "Even while N accumulation in biomass tends to increase in more species rich communities, so too does N accumulation in the soil. Thus, the difference between treatments and controls may not give an reliable estimate of resource ""consumption.""" . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32.56 -117.13 5 40 . 15 . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577 577 298.06 . 442.6808 . . 498.2363 . . . . . . 147 147 146.8592 . 310.795 . . 249.319 . . . . . . 150 10 23 26 81 Callaway et al. 2003 "F3, F4" TD P SSR . mg g-1 Neg Soil nitrogen mass N Consumption Between Top-down Plantae (Saltmarsh vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O T 5 saltmarsh 2 2 S 3 8 6 4 . 43.875 0.0912 -2.3951 852 638.75 1.3339 0.2881 Y N 0 Y "DS, BC" "Even while N accumulation in biomass tends to increase in more species rich communities, so too does N accumulation in the soil. Thus, the difference between treatments and controls may not give an reliable estimate of resource ""consumption.""" . . . 32.56 -117.13 5 40 . 15 . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.652 0.512 0.635 . 0.63 . . 0.727 . . . . . . 0.1252 0.0525 0.1961 . 0.1665 . . 0.1394 . . . . . . 151 10 23 26 81 Callaway et al. 2003 "F3, F4" TD P SSR . mg g-1 Neg Soil nitrogen mass N Consumption Between Top-down Plantae (Saltmarsh vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O T 5 saltmarsh 2 2 S 3 8 6 4 . 43.875 0.0912 -2.3951 1005 638.75 1.5734 0.4532 Y Y 0 Y "DS, BC" "Even while N accumulation in biomass tends to increase in more species rich communities, so too does N accumulation in the soil. Thus, the difference between treatments and controls may not give an reliable estimate of resource ""consumption.""" . . . 32.56 -117.13 5 40 . 15 . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.77 0.577 0.672 . 0.759 . . 0.721 . . . . . . 0.1677 0.0648 0.2403 . 0.2285 . . 0.1665 . . . . . . 152 10 23 26 81 Callaway et al. 2003 F2 TD P SST . g m-2 Pos Plant belowground dry mass N Production Within Neither Plantae (Saltmarsh vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 2 O T 5 saltmarsh 2 2 S 3 8 6 4 . 43.875 0.0912 -2.3951 1005 638.75 1.5734 0.4532 N Y 0 Y "DS, BC, KM" "Even while N accumulation in biomass tends to increase in more species rich communities, so too does N accumulation in the soil. Thus, the difference between treatments and controls may not give an reliable estimate of resource ""consumption.""" . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32.56 -117.13 5 40 . 15 . . 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518 518 269 . 436 . . 497 . . . . . . 131.928 131.928 392.1224 . 278.8548 . . 259.4899 . . . . . . 153 21 38 27 82 Duffy et al. 2001 "F1, F4" TD H SST . g L-1 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda - Gammarus mucronatus, Isopoda - Erichsonella attenuata, Idotea baltica) " Microalgae (epiphytes on Zostera marina) Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 3 3 3 . 122 0.0058 20919.4346 9.9484 42 12 3.5 1.2528 N Y . N "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Data points in Fig. 1 are not jittered along the x-axis such that error bars are difficult to differentiate. Therefore, SD's may not be exact." . . . 37.4 -122.23 6 16 15 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220.58824 2244.604317 941.1764706 860.2941176 904.4117647 . . . . . . . . . 66.17647059 810.4929296 535.1079309 602.6945335 540.3286197 . . . . . . . . . 154 21 38 27 82 Duffy et al. 2001 "F1, F4" TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal chl a mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda - Gammarus mucronatus, Isopoda - Erichsonella attenuata, Idotea baltica) " Microalgae (epiphytes on Zostera marina) Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 3 3 3 . 122 0.0058 20919.4346 9.9484 14 12 1.1667 0.1542 Y N . N "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Data points in Fig. 1 are not jittered along the x-axis such that error bars are difficult to differentiate. Therefore, SD's may not be exact." . . . 37.4 -122.23 6 18 18 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.114 0.114 0.1503 0.1423 0.105 . . . . . . . . . 0.0468 0.0468 0.0599 0.0376 0.0426 . . . . . . . . . 155 21 38 27 82 Duffy et al. 2001 "F1, F4" TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal chl a mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda - Gammarus mucronatus, Isopoda - Erichsonella attenuata, Idotea baltica) " Microalgae (epiphytes on Zostera marina) Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 3 3 3 . 122 0.0058 20919.4346 9.9484 28 12 2.3333 0.8473 Y N . N "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Data points in Fig. 1 are not jittered along the x-axis such that error bars are difficult to differentiate. Therefore, SD's may not be exact." . . . 37.4 -122.23 6 18 18 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.021 0.021 -0.0153 -0.0073 0.03 . . . . . . . . . 0.1252 0.1252 0.1378 0.1154 0.121 . . . . . . . . . 156 21 38 27 82 Duffy et al. 2001 "F1, F4" TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal chl a mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda - Gammarus mucronatus, Isopoda - Erichsonella attenuata, Idotea baltica) " Microalgae (epiphytes on Zostera marina) Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 3 3 3 . 122 0.0058 20919.4346 9.9484 42 12 3.5 1.2528 Y Y . N "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Data points in Fig. 1 are not jittered along the x-axis such that error bars are difficult to differentiate. Therefore, SD's may not be exact." . . . 37.4 -122.23 6 16 15 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.666666667 5.098039216 5.882352941 9.54248366 7.450980392 . . . . . . . . . 4.822891716 9.207338731 6.145448681 8.686296641 4.705882353 . . . . . . . . . 157 22 39 28 83 Duffy et al. 2003 "F2, T1" TD H SST . g m-2 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Microalgae & Zostera marina Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 6 6 0.26 . 0.0039 67.2188 4.208 40 11 3.6364 1.291 N Y . N "ED(PR), BC" "Outdoor mesocosms were open to recruitment of algal propagules and invertebrate larvae, but closed to grazer immigration." . . . 37.25 -76.48 5 24 . 5 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.076923077 4.076923077 2.8077 . 3.6538 . . 4.4615 . . . . . . 0.9615 0.9615 1.1154 . 1.0385 . . 6.9231 . . . . . . 158 22 39 28 83 Duffy et al. 2003 "F2, T1" TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Microalgae & Zostera marina Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 6 6 0.26 . 0.0039 67.2188 4.208 40 11 3.6364 1.291 N Y . N "ED(PR), BC" "Outdoor mesocosms were open to recruitment of algal propagules and invertebrate larvae, but closed to grazer immigration." . . . 37.25 -76.48 5 24 . 5 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 10.5663 . 2.3854 . . 1.54 . . . . . . 0 0 13.473 . 2.1406 . . 1.6144 . . . . . . 159 23 40 29 84 Duffy et al. 2005 F2 TD H SST . g m-2 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Macroalgae Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 2 4 4 0.26 122 0.005 52.4192 3.9593 42 10.875 3.8621 1.3512 N Y . Y "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Although study also reports standing stocks of sediment microalgae, eelgrass, and epiphytes, here we focus on macroalgae, which are the primary resource of the grazers." No predator . . 37.25 -76.48 5 16 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834 2372.4 1541.95 . . 1411.6 . . . . . . . . 373.81613 738.31382 849.9322 . . 219.13763 . . . . . . . . 160 23 40 29 84 Duffy et al. 2005 F2 TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Macroalgae Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 2 4 4 0.26 122 0.005 52.4192 3.9593 42 10.875 3.8621 1.3512 N Y . Y "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Although study also reports standing stocks of sediment microalgae, eelgrass, and epiphytes, here we focus on macroalgae, which are the primary resource of the grazers." No predator . . 37.25 -76.48 5 1 . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0.0303 . . 0 . . . . . . . . 0 0 0.0517 . . 0 . . . . . . . . 161 23 41 29 85 Duffy et al. 2005 F2 TD H SST . g m-2 Pos Herbivore biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Macroalgae Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 2 4 4 0.26 122 0.005 52.4192 3.9593 42 10.875 3.8621 1.3512 N Y . Y "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Although study also reports standing stocks of sediment microalgae, eelgrass, and epiphytes, here we focus on macroalgae, which are the primary resource of the grazers." Predator . . 37.25 -76.48 5 16 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.003278689 0.003278689 0.0016 . . 0.0039 . . . . . . . . 0.0007 0.0007 0.0005 . . 0.001 . . . . . . . . 162 23 41 29 85 Duffy et al. 2005 F2 TD H SSR . g m-2 Neg Algal wet mass N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Macroalgae Y ? O A 5 seagrass 3 1 S 2 4 4 0.26 122 0.005 52.4192 3.9593 42 10.875 3.8621 1.3512 N Y . Y "ED(PR), BC, KM" "Although study also reports standing stocks of sediment microalgae, eelgrass, and epiphytes, here we focus on macroalgae, which are the primary resource of the grazers." Predator . . 37.25 -76.48 5 16 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00102459 0.00102459 0.0639 . . 0.0176 . . . . . . . . 0.0011 0.0011 0.0833 . . 0.0358 . . . . . . . . 163 100 213 30 86 "OConnor et al, Ecology 2008" "F2, F3" TD C SSR . number m-2 Neg Herbivore Abundance N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia: Arthropoda: Malacostraca: Decapoda (Callinectes sapidus, Panopeus herbstii, Menippe mercenaria)" Animalia: Mollusca: Bivalvia: Ostreoida: Ostreidae (Crassostrea virginica) Y 2 O T 5 hard 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.125 . 13.83 0.009 -4.7063 1 545 0.0018 -6.3008 N Y 1 N KM . . . . 34.72 -76.75 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.44 35.44 52.4267 50.56 43.52 . . . . . . . . . 27.7272 27.7272 18.9975 31.2343 21.1085 . . . . . . . . . 164 L1 L1 31 87 Jaschinski et al. Oecologia 2009 F1 TD H SSR . mm3 cm-2 Neg Algal biovolume N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Idotea baltica, Gammarus salinus, Littorina littorea)" Epiphytes (microalgae) on Zostera marina Y 2 O A 5 seagrass 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0707 32 0.0053 13.3931 2.5947 7 142.6667 0.0491 -3.0146 Y N . N LG Idotea most efficient grazer . . . A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54.33 10.148 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.175 0.175 0.245 0.13 0.09 . . . . . . . . . 0.0346 0.0346 0.052 0.0173 0.0173 . . . . . . . . . 165 L1 L1 31 87 Jaschinski et al. Oecologia 2009 F1 TD H SSR . mm3 cm-2 Neg Algal biovolume N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Idotea baltica, Gammarus salinus, Littorina littorea)" Epiphytes (microalgae) on Zostera marina Y 2 O A 5 seagrass 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0707 32 0.0053 13.3931 2.5947 21 142.6667 0.1472 -1.916 Y Y . N LG Idotea most efficient grazer . . . A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54.33 10.148 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.559 0.114 0.293 0.546 0.394 . . . . . . . . . 0.253 0.052 0.1386 0.1005 0.0087 . . . . . . . . . 166 L1 L2 31 88 Jaschinski et al. Oecologia 2009 F2 TD H SSR . mm3 cm-2 Neg Algal biovolume N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Idotea baltica, Gammarus salinus, Littorina littorea)" Microphytobenthos (microalgae) on sediment Y 2 O A 5 seagrass 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0707 32 0.0053 13.3931 2.5947 7 142.6667 0.0491 -3.0146 Y N . N LG Littorina most efficient grazer . . . A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54.33 10.148 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0033 0.0033 0.0052 0.01 0.0027 . . . . . . . . . 0.0016 0.0016 0.0023 0 0.0005 . . . . . . . . . 167 L1 L2 31 88 Jaschinski et al. Oecologia 2009 F2 TD H SSR . mm3 cm-2 Neg Algal biovolume N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Idotea baltica, Gammarus salinus, Littorina littorea)" Microphytobenthos (microalgae) on sediment Y 2 O A 5 seagrass 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0707 32 0.0053 13.3931 2.5947 21 142.6667 0.1472 -1.916 Y Y . N LG Gammarus most efficient grazer . . . A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54.33 10.148 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.071 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.06 . . . . . . . . . 0.068 0.0191 0.02 0.01 0.0416 . . . . . . . . . 168 L2 L3 32 89 Karlson et al. Oecologia 2011 Data from author TD M SST . mg Pos Animal biomass N Production Within Neither "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Marenzelleria, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 4 O A 4 soft 1 3 S 4 4 4 0.08 1 0.0045 17.7778 2.8779 21 912.5 0.023 -3.7717 N Y . N LG Marenzelleria highest biomass . . . 58.82 17.52 5 20 20 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.71745 56.4809 35.3102 33.1978 30.2182 33.0903 . . . . . . . . 4.2015 18.5714 18.19 12.2957 5.7985 2.6776 . . . . . . . . 169 L2 L3 32 89 Karlson et al. Oecologia 2011 Data from author TD M SST . mikro g Pos Incorporated N N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Marenzelleria, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 4 A 4 soft 1 3 S 4 4 4 0.08 1 0.0045 17.7778 2.8779 21 912.5 0.023 -3.7717 N Y . N LG Macoma highest N . . . 58.82 17.52 5 20 20 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.166185097 0.166185097 0.0992 0.1115 0.1046 0.1161 . . . . . . . . 0.0401 0.0401 0.07 0.0614 0.0416 0.0444 . . . . . . . . 170 L2 L3 32 89 Karlson et al. Oecologia 2011 Data from author TD M SST . mikro g Pos Incorporated C N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Marenzelleria, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 4 A 4 soft 1 3 S 4 4 4 0.08 1 0.0045 17.7778 2.8779 21 912.5 0.023 -3.7717 N Y . N LG Macoma highest C . . . 58.82 17.52 5 20 20 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.074278398 1.074278398 0.62 0.6459 0.6023 0.6491 . . . . . . . . 0.4327 0.4327 0.39 0.2568 0.1621 0.3395 . . . . . . . . 171 L2 L3 32 89 Karlson et al. Oecologia 2011 Data from author TD M SST . mm Pos Oxidized layer N Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Marenzelleria, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 4 A 4 soft 1 3 S 4 4 4 0.08 1 0.0045 17.7778 2.8779 21 912.5 0.023 -3.7717 N Y . N LG Pontoporeia deepest layer . . . 58.82 17.52 5 20 20 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.26666667 28.26666667 16.73 15.9833 17.5778 19.9333 . . . . . . . . 3.2863 3.2863 7.1 6.4613 3.9127 4.2256 . . . . . . . . 172 L3 L4 33 90 Salo et al. MEPS 2009 Data from author TD P SST . g Pos plant biomass N Production Within Neither Plantae (Segrass vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 4 A 4 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.09 . 1.1311 0.0796 -2.5311 98 365 0.2685 -1.3149 N Y . Y LG Zostera marina highest . . . 59.92 21.8 4 12 12 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.02607 10.02607 6.35 7.5456 6.95505 . . . . . . . . . 5.154 5.154 2.7797 1.032 0.6488 . . . . . . . . . 173 L3 L4 33 90 Salo et al. MEPS 2009 Data from author TD P SST . shoots per plot Pos shoot density N Production Within Neither Plantae (Segrass vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 4 A 4 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.09 . 1.1311 0.0796 -2.5311 98 365 0.2685 -1.3149 N Y . Y LG Potamogeton filiformis highest . . . 59.92 21.8 4 12 12 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218.25 218.25 111.9091 135.4167 133 . . . . . . . . . 61.96438 61.96438 58.74224 34.11164 12.961482 . . . . . . . . . 174 L3 L4 33 90 Salo et al. MEPS 2009 Data from author TD P SSR . micro Molar Neg porewater NH4 N Consumption Between Top-down Plantae (Segrass vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 4 A 4 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.09 . 1.1311 0.0796 -2.5311 98 365 0.2685 -1.3149 N Y . Y LG Potamogeton filiformis lowest . . . 59.92 21.8 4 12 12 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5679 12.5679 14.4496 18.9835 22.3091 . . . . . . . . . 8.146382 8.146382 4.9633 4.6073 17.9338 . . . . . . . . . 175 L3 L4 33 90 Salo et al. MEPS 2009 Data from author TD P SSR . micro Molar Neg porewater PO4 N Consumption Between Top-down Plantae (Segrass vegetation) Inorganic Inorganic nutrients (N) Y 4 A 4 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.09 . 1.1311 0.0796 -2.5311 98 365 0.2685 -1.3149 N Y . Y LG Potamogeton perfoliatus lowest . . . 59.92 21.8 4 12 12 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6265137 0.6265137 0.78 1.1626 1.2872 . . . . . . . . . 0.3896 0.3896 0.3414 0.6059 1.122 . . . . . . . . . 176 L4 L5 34 91 Ieno et al. MEPS 2006 Data from author TD M SST . mg l-1 Pos nutrient concentration N Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Hediste diversicolor, Hydrbia ulvae, Cerastoderma edule" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 3 A 5 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 2.35 0.126 0.0624 -2.775 21 486.6667 0.0432 -3.1431 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Nereis) . . . 57.33 -2 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.59358 4.59358 2.2602 4.4347 4.8331 . . . . . . . . . 1.8436 1.8436 2.1429 2.7556 2.1001 . . . . . . . . . 177 L4 L5 34 91 Ieno et al. MEPS 2006 Data from author TD M SSR . mg l-1 Neg nutrient concentration N Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Hediste diversicolor, Hydrbia ulvae, Cerastoderma edule" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 3 A 5 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 2.35 0.126 0.0624 -2.775 21 486.6667 0.0432 -3.1431 N Y . N LG lower=better function (Nereis) . . . 57.33 -2 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4372 0.4372 0.893 0.6949 0.6181 . . . . . . . . . 0.1186 0.1186 0.4916 0.2778 0.1186 . . . . . . . . . 178 L4 L5 34 91 Ieno et al. MEPS 2006 Data from author TD M SST . mg l-1 Pos nutrient concentration N Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Hediste diversicolor, Hydrbia ulvae, Cerastoderma edule" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 3 A 5 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 2.35 0.126 0.0624 -2.775 21 486.6667 0.0432 -3.1431 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Nereis) . . . 57.33 -2 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.34032 0.34032 0.2002 0.3313 0.3511 . . . . . . . . . 0.049 0.049 0.1103 0.1952 0.1292 . . . . . . . . . 179 L5 L6 35 92 Norling et al. MEPS 2007 F2 TD M RD T micro Molar m-2 day-2 Pos oxygen concentration Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Halicryptus spinolosus, Macoma balthica, Marenzelleria neglecta" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 3 3 0.056 17.92 0.3778 0.1482 -1.909 26 1034.1667 0.0251 -3.6833 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Merenzellaria) . . . 58.25 11.445 4 12 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3315 12.3315 11.3355 10.059 14.73075 . . . . . . . . . 3.891 3.891 2.8482 2.468 5.3952 . . . . . . . . . 180 L5 L6 35 92 Norling et al. MEPS 2007 F2 TD M RD T micro Molar m-2 day-2 Pos "nutrient concentration, NH4" Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Halicryptus spinolosus, Macoma balthica, Marenzelleria neglecta" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 3 3 0.056 17.92 0.3778 0.1482 -1.909 31 1034.1667 0.03 -3.5074 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Merenzellaria) . . . 58.25 11.445 4 12 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407.727 407.727 299.5454 435.0003 670.9093 . . . . . . . . . 163.295 163.295 234.1755 494.2187336 554.1309 . . . . . . . . . 181 L5 L6 35 92 Norling et al. MEPS 2007 F2 TD M RD T micro Molar m-2 day-2 Pos "nutrient concentration, NO3" Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Halicryptus spinolosus, Macoma balthica, Marenzelleria neglecta" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 3 3 0.056 17.92 0.3778 0.1482 -1.909 31 1034.1667 0.03 -3.5074 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Halicryptus) . . . 58.25 11.445 4 12 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.6705 325.6705 293.1108 310.3445 425.2873 . . . . . . . . . 109.3579 109.3579 82.9225 108.8197 173.8973 . . . . . . . . . 182 L5 L6 35 92 Norling et al. MEPS 2007 F2 TD M RD T micro Molar m-2 day-2 Pos "nutrient concentration, PO4" Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Halicryptus spinolosus, Macoma balthica, Marenzelleria neglecta" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 3 3 0.056 17.92 0.3778 0.1482 -1.909 31 1034.1667 0.03 -3.5074 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Merenzellaria) . . . 58.25 11.445 4 12 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.78375 153.78375 113.4234 135.4053 162.7028 . . . . . . . . . 29.9645 29.9645 50.5634 37.96 121.4875 . . . . . . . . . 183 L5 L6 35 92 Norling et al. MEPS 2007 F2 TD M RD T micro Molar m-2 day-2 Pos "nutrient concentration, Si" Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Halicryptus spinolosus, Macoma balthica, Marenzelleria neglecta" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 2 S 3 3 3 0.056 17.92 0.3778 0.1482 -1.909 31 1034.1667 0.03 -3.5074 N Y . N LG higher=better function (Macoma) . . . 58.25 11.445 4 12 4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.347 477.347 330.3675 416.6673 436.894 . . . . . . . . . 152.0805 152.0805 186.988 271.2065 293.3522 . . . . . . . . . 184 L6 L7 36 93 Karlson et al. Ecology 2010 F2 TD M SST . milli gram Pos Incorporated N N Consumption Within Neither "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 3 A 4 soft 1 3 S 3 3 3 0.05 0.45 0.0019 25.8621 3.2528 28 973.3333 0.0288 -3.5485 N Y . N LG Monoporeia highest N . . . 58.82 17.52 8 24 16 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.038 1.038 0.8567 1.08 1.265 . . . . . . . . . 0.1471 0.1471 0.2231 0.2166 0.2744 . . . . . . . . . 185 L6 L7 36 93 Karlson et al. Ecology 2010 F2 TD M SST . milli gram Pos Incorporated C N Consumption Within Neither "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 3 A 4 soft 1 3 S 3 3 3 0.05 0.45 0.0019 25.8621 3.2528 28 973.3333 0.0288 -3.5485 N Y . N LG Monoporeia highest C . . . 58.82 17.52 8 24 16 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.912 7.912 5.597 7.4365 7.538 . . . . . . . . . 0.6703 0.6703 1.4616 1.5046 1.632 . . . . . . . . . 186 L6 L7 36 93 Karlson et al. Ecology 2010 F4 TD M SST . mm Pos Oxidized layer N Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia (Monoporeia, Pontoporeia, Macoma)" Deposited organic matter Y 3 A 4 soft 1 3 S 3 3 3 0.05 0.45 0.0019 25.8621 3.2528 28 973.3333 0.0288 -3.5485 N Y . N LG Macoma deepest layer . . . 58.82 17.52 8 24 16 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.754 2.769 2.3907 2.498 1.875 . . . . . . . . . 0.19516 0.7778 0.6406 0.9157 0.1923 . . . . . . . . . 187 L7 L8 37 94 Mermillod-Blondin et al 2005 Data From Author TD M RD T mikro moles m-2 h-1 Pos Bromide (water exchange) Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Cerastoderma edule, Corophium volutator, Nereis diversicolor)" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 0.785398163 0.4433 0.0177 -4.0333 20 456.25 0.0438 -3.1273 N Y . N LG Nd best monoculture . . . 58.25 11.445 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.902188 100.902188 74.226608 106.2163573 123.7759 . . . . . . . . . 24.133 24.133 37.22743061 9.758987932 24.73986778 . . . . . . . . . 188 L7 L8 37 94 Mermillod-Blondin et al 2005 Data From Author TD M RD T mikro moles m-2 h-1 Pos O2 flux Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Cerastoderma edule, Corophium volutator, Nereis diversicolor)" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 0.785398163 0.4433 0.0177 -4.0333 20 456.25 0.0438 -3.1273 N Y . N LG Cv best monoculture . . . 58.25 11.445 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1673.666667 1673.666667 1322.222222 1417 1478.333333 . . . . . . . . . 208.6536 208.6536 444.4130128 104.2417063 143.3608501 . . . . . . . . . 189 L7 L8 37 94 Mermillod-Blondin et al 2005 Data From Author TD M RD T mikro moles m-2 h-1 Pos NH4 Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Cerastoderma edule, Corophium volutator, Nereis diversicolor)" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 0.785398163 0.4433 0.0177 -4.0333 20 456.25 0.0438 -3.1273 N Y . N LG Nd best monoculture . . . 58.25 11.445 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.7687333 147.7687333 98.29320222 150.8181444 200.3933 . . . . . . . . . 22.7699 22.7699 45.80721893 38.94749408 40.14198795 . . . . . . . . . 190 L7 L8 37 94 Mermillod-Blondin et al 2005 Data From Author TD M RD T mikro moles m-2 h-1 Pos NO3 Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Cerastoderma edule, Corophium volutator, Nereis diversicolor)" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 0.785398163 0.4433 0.0177 -4.0333 20 456.25 0.0438 -3.1273 N Y . N LG Cv best monoculture . . . 58.25 11.445 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.324 25.10324333 14.26435778 14.62193333 12.1607 . . . . . . . . . 1.039 3.3912 9.401192958 5.701541548 2.278996275 . . . . . . . . . 191 L7 L8 37 94 Mermillod-Blondin et al 2005 Data From Author TD M RD T mikro moles m-2 h-1 Pos PO4 Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down "Animalia: Cerastoderma edule, Corophium volutator, Nereis diversicolor)" Deposited organic matter and phytoplankton Y 5 A 4 soft 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.0079 0.785398163 0.4433 0.0177 -4.0333 20 456.25 0.0438 -3.1273 N Y . N LG Cv best monoculture . . . 58.25 11.445 3 9 9 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.995746667 9.995746667 5.09778 5.634002222 6.5384 . . . . . . . . . 2.8837 2.8837 4.340725575 3.140117464 0.659126737 . . . . . . . . . 192 L8 L9 38 95 Lee et al. Mar Biol 1991 F1 and F2 BU H SST . mikro meter Pos Herbivore size increase N Production Within Neither Foraminifera Microalgae N . A 4 soft 1 2 ? 3 9 3 0.0075 0.1 . . . 90 . . . N Y . N LG Experiment with Amphisorus hemprichii . . . 40.817 -73.95 3 27 9 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271.387 271.387 163.5837778 352.161 333.0218 . . . . . . . . . 21.677 21.677 23.19897143 22.7005 45.6711 . . . . . . . . . 193 L8 L10 38 96 Lee et al. Mar Biol 1991 F1 and F2 BU H SST . mikro meter Pos Herbivore size increase N Production Within Neither Foraminifera Microalgae N . A 4 soft 1 2 ? 3 9 3 0.0075 0.1 . . . 90 . . . N Y . N LG Experiment with Amphistegina lobifera . . . 40.817 -73.95 3 27 9 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.459 276.459 183.6363333 336.8496667 308.544 . . . . . . . . . 54.259 54.259 29.89251614 29.2784 28.4902 . . . . . . . . . 194 L9 L11 39 97 Lee et al. MEPS 1985 Table 3 and 4 BU H RD T No pair-1 h-1 Pos Fecal pellet production N Biogeo_flux Within Neither copepod Microalgae Y 2 A 4 hard 1 2 ? 2 4 4 0.00035 0.005 0.0001 5.283 1.6645 15 . . . N Y . N LG . . . 27.837 -97.051 5 20 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 2.7 0.83 . . 2.4 . . . . . . . . 1.1 1.1 0.56 . . 0.7 . . . . . . . . 195 L9 L11 39 97 Lee et al. MEPS 1985 Table 3 and 4 BU H SST . No pair-1 Pos Brood production N Production Within Neither copepod Microalgae Y 2 A 4 hard 1 2 ? 2 4 4 0.00035 0.005 0.0001 5.283 1.6645 15 . . . N Y . N LG . . . 27.837 -97.051 5 20 . . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 0.9 . . 2.6 . . . . . . . . 1.7 1.7 0.935414347 . . 0.6 . . . . . . . . 196 L10 L12 40 98 Murray and Marcus 2002 JEMBE F1 BU H SST . % Pos Survival N Production Within Neither copepod Microalgae Y 2 A 4 pelagic 1 2 S 2 5 4 . 1.1 . . . . . . . N Y . N LG Exp 1 . . . 29.85 -84.52 3 15 . . 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.904 55.904 23.1366 . . 70.11 . . . . . . . . 2.952 2.952 10.12104096 . . 9.594 . . . . . . . . 197 L10 L12 40 98 Murray and Marcus 2002 JEMBE F4 BU H SST . Number of eggs Pos Total egg production N Production Within Neither copepod Microalgae Y 2 A 4 pelagic 1 2 S 2 5 4 . 1.1 . . . . . . . N Y . N LG Exp 1 . . . 29.85 -84.52 3 15 . . 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679.104 679.104 165.67 . . 1250 . . . . . . . . 235.075 235.075 115.04 . . 175.373 . . . . . . . . 198 L10 L13 40 99 Murray and Marcus 2002 JEMBE F1 BU H SST . % Pos Survival N Production Within Neither copepod Microalgae N . A 4 pelagic 1 2 S 2 5 4 . 1.1 . . . . . . . N Y . N LG Exp 2 . . . 29.85 -84.52 3 15 . . 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.037 90.037 42.1034 . . 88.19 . . . . . . . . 5.35 5.35 7.331547204 . . 5.535 . . . . . . . . 199 41 100 Blake & Duffy 2010 F1 BU H SST . mg Pos "Grazer biomass, Original units: mg AFDM" N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 12 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879.4701987 879.4701987 455.6291391 572.1854305 . . . . . . . . . 350.9933775 350.9933775 213.2386344 . 152.3179 . . . . . . . . . 200 41 100 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . ug cm-2 Neg Chl-a; Original units: ug cm-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.647887324 0.591549296 1.971830986 1.577464789 . . . . . . . . . 3.647887324 0.591549296 2.342802975 . 1.5775 . . . . . . . . . 201 41 100 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Neg Macroalgal biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 12 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.552447552 0.671328671 1.118881119 0.944055944 . . . . . . . . . 0.041958042 0.503496503 0.495073287 . 0.5035 . . . . . . . . . 202 41 100 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Pos Zostera shoot biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 12 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.773049645 1.773049645 1.436170213 1.737588652 . . . . . . . . . 0.177304965 0.177304965 0.962490001 . 1.7376 . . . . . . . . . 203 41 100 Blake & Duffy 2010 F3 BU H SST . g Pos Sessile invertebrate biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 12 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.475524476 0.475524476 0.396270396 0.202797203 . . . . . . . . . 0.167832168 0.167832168 0.318708633 . 0.0909 . . . . . . . . . 204 41 101 Blake & Duffy 2010 F1 BU H SST . mg Pos "Grazer biomass, Original units: mg AFDM" N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 3 13 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720.5298013 720.5298013 519.205298 561.589404 . . . . . . . . . 225.1655629 225.1655629 202.9128698 . 99.3377 . . . . . . . . . 205 41 101 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . ug cm-2 Neg Chl-a; Original units: ug cm-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.267605634 1.084507042 1.708920188 1.676056338 . . . . . . . . . 2.267605634 1.084507042 1.776472719 . 1.6761 . . . . . . . . . 206 41 101 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Neg Macroalgal biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 3 13 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.090909091 0.566433566 0.762237762 0.461538462 . . . . . . . . . 0.608391608 0.293706294 0.617225473 . 0.5664 . . . . . . . . . 207 41 101 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Pos Zostera shoot biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 3 13 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.471631206 1.471631206 1.447990544 1.64893617 . . . . . . . . . 1.471631206 1.471631206 1.443419233 . 1.6489 . . . . . . . . . 208 41 101 Blake & Duffy 2010 F3 BU H SST . g Pos Sessile invertebrate biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 3 13 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.363636364 0.363636364 0.205128205 0.125874126 . . . . . . . . . 0.181818182 0.181818182 0.13735519 . 0.0699 . . . . . . . . . 209 41 102 Blake & Duffy 2010 F1 BU H SST . mg Pos "Grazer biomass, Original units: mg AFDM" N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 14 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.7615894 635.7615894 388.5209713 529.8013245 . . . . . . . . . 145.6953642 145.6953642 109.7130445 . 139.0728 . . . . . . . . . 210 41 102 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . ug cm-2 Neg Chl-a; Original units: ug cm-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.746478873 0.788732394 2.497652582 1.577464789 . . . . . . . . . 3.746478873 0.788732394 2.793233907 . 1.5775 . . . . . . . . . 211 41 102 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Neg Macroalgal biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 14 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.846153846 1.363636364 1.559440559 0.671328671 . . . . . . . . . 0.923076923 0.797202797 0.792066971 . 0.7133 . . . . . . . . . 212 41 102 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Pos Zostera shoot biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 14 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.897163121 1.897163121 1.660756501 1.489361702 . . . . . . . . . 1.897163121 1.897163121 1.677460351 . 1.4894 . . . . . . . . . 213 41 102 Blake & Duffy 2010 F3 BU H SST . g Pos Sessile invertebrate biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Freshwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 14 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.468531469 0.468531469 0.305361305 0.090909091 . . . . . . . . . 0.244755245 0.244755245 0.318708633 . 0.0629 . . . . . . . . . 214 41 103 Blake & Duffy 2010 F1 BU H SST . mg Pos "Grazer biomass, Original units: mg AFDM" N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 14 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805.2980132 805.2980132 579.2494481 805.2980132 . . . . . . . . . 66.22516556 66.22516556 152.1738449 . 245.0331 . . . . . . . . . 215 41 103 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . ug cm-2 Neg Chl-a; Original units: ug cm-2 N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.464788732 1.577464789 1.971830986 1.478873239 . . . . . . . . . 2.464788732 0.591549296 1.819719763 . 1.4789 . . . . . . . . . 216 41 103 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Neg Macroalgal biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Consumption Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 14 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.867132867 1.090909091 1.384615385 0.545454545 . . . . . . . . . 0.797202797 0.545454545 0.691064016 . 0.6294 . . . . . . . . . 217 41 103 Blake & Duffy 2010 F2 BU H SSR . g Pos Zostera shoot biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Between Top-down "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 14 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.843971631 1.843971631 1.58392435 1.34751773 . . . . . . . . . 1.436170213 1.436170213 1.605342225 . 1.3475 . . . . . . . . . 218 41 103 Blake & Duffy 2010 F3 BU H SST . g Pos Sessile invertebrate biomass; Original units: g AFDM N Production Within Neither "Animalia:Arthropoda:Malacostraca (Amphipoda, Isopoda) " Algae & Zostera marina Y 4 A 5 seagrass 3 2 S 3 3 3 0.2162 19 0.0034 5588.2353 42 11 3.8182 N Y . N JSL . Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.25 -76.5 4 14 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.230769231 0.230769231 0.181818182 0.167832168 . . . . . . . . . 0.237762238 0.237762238 0.168043944 . 0.1678 . . . . . . . . . 229 43 109 Foster et al 1999 F2 BU H SSR . g Pos Weight wet N Consumption Between Top-down "Mollusca, Vetigastropoda, Turbinidae" "Macroalgae (Ulva, Corallina, Gelidium)" Y 3 A 4 hard 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.77 230 . 365 365 1 Y Y 0 N JSL . Juveniles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -33.02 25.01 20 60 . 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.66666667 50.66666667 34 . 53.66666667 . . . . . . . . . 8.94427191 8.94427191 7.552286875 . 8.94427191 . . . . . . . . . 230 43 110 Foster et al 1999 T1 BU H SST . g Pos Percent gonad index N Production Within Neither Copepoda "Macroalgae (Ulva, Corallina, Gelidium)" Y 3 A 4 hard 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.77 230 . 365 365 1 Y Y 0 N JSL . Juveniles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -33.02 25.01 20 60 . 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.77 31.77 20.8 . 33.24 . . . . . . . . . 4.874628191 4.874628191 4.689491799 . 3.398823326 . . . . . . . . . 231 43 110 Foster et al 1999 T1 BU H SST . g Pos Percent gonad index N Production Within Neither Copepoda "Macroalgae (Ulva, Corallina, Gelidium)" Y 3 A 4 hard 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.77 230 . 180 365 0.4932 Y Y 0 N JSL . Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -33.02 25.01 20 60 . 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.02 24.02 17.46333333 . 27.13 . . . . . . . . . 7.334302966 7.334302966 6.509121805 . 5.679612663 . . . . . . . . . 232 44 111 Dam & Lopes 2003 F2 BU H RD ug C copepod-1 day-1 Pos Mean ingestion rate Y Consumption Within Neither Copepoda "Diatom, dinoflagellate, ciliate" Y 3 A 6 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.5 4 4 1 0 N Y 0 N JSL . High food concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.31 -72.06 2 6 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.36809816 4.36809816 2.933333333 . 4.957055215 . . . . . . . . . 1.041138819 1.041138819 0.826135373 . 1.041138819 . . . . . . . . . 233 44 112 Dam & Lopes 2003 F2 BU H RD . ug C copepod-1 day-1 Pos Mean ingestion rate Y Consumption Within Neither Copepoda "Diatom, dinoflagellate, ciliate" Y 3 A 6 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.5 4 4 1 0 N Y 0 N JSL . Low food concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.31 -72.06 2 6 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.306748466 2.306748466 1.341513292 . 2.012269939 . . . . . . . . . 0.277637018 0.277637018 0.183639626 . 0.347046273 . . . . . . . . . 234 44 111 Dam & Lopes 2003 F3 BU H SST eggs female-1 day-1 Pos Mean egg production rate N Production Within Neither Copepoda "Diatom, dinoflagellate, ciliate" Y 3 A 6 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.5 4 4 1 0 N Y 0 N JSL . High food concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.31 -72.06 2 6 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.47561 10.97560976 7.43902439 . 5.213414634 . . . . . . . . . 1.293488014 2.975022433 2.221638622 . 1.293488014 . . . . . . . . . 235 44 112 Dam & Lopes 2003 F3 BU H SST . eggs female-1 day-1 Pos Mean egg production rate N Production Within Neither Copepoda "Diatom, dinoflagellate, ciliate" Y 3 A 6 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.5 4 4 1 0 N Y 0 N JSL . Low food concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.31 -72.06 2 6 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.17791411 1.17791411 0.850715746 . 0.981595092 . . . . . . . . . 0.776092809 0.776092809 0.826135373 . 0.517395206 . . . . . . . . . 236 44 111 Dam & Lopes 2003 F7 BU H SST % Pos Hatching success N Production Within Neither Copepoda "Diatom, dinoflagellate, ciliate" Y 3 A 6 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.5 4 4 1 0 N Y 0 N JSL . High food concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.31 -72.06 2 6 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8598 9.237804878 8.109756098 . 5.945121951 . . . . . . . . . 6.073309777 8.242348983 7.748055792 . 5.639501936 . . . . . . . . . 237 44 112 Dam & Lopes 2003 F7 BU H SST . % Pos Hatching success N Production Within Neither Copepoda "Diatom, dinoflagellate, ciliate" Y 3 A 6 pelagic 1 1 S 3 3 3 0.5 4 4 1 0 N Y 0 N JSL . Low food concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.31 -72.06 2 6 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5521 5.104294479 3.501022495 . 2.503067485 . . . . . . . . . 9.543772507 17.35231365 13.82071206 . 6.507117618 . . . . . . . . . 238 45 113 Moore & Fairweather 2006 F4 TD P RD . k Pos Decay constant (k) N Consumption Between Top-down Microorganisms N . A 4 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 115 Y Y 0 N JSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -35.05 138.5 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0757 0.115384615 0.090865385 . 0.087259615 . . . . . . . . . 0.000987275 0.001316367 0.001107888 . 0.000822729 . . . . . . . . . 239 46 114 O'Gorman et al. 2008 F3a TD C SSR . mg Neg Invertebrate biomass N Consumption Between Top-down Fish Invertebrates N . O A 4 hard 2 2 A 3 4 4 0.21 21 25.175 0.8342 -0.1813 42 365 0.1151 -2.1622 N Y 16 N JG Data are for recruiting invertebrates (with a starting density of zero to artificial substratum in the field ) . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.5 -9.3 6 24 6 . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672.47 672.47 792.12 663.1 . 1069.93 . . . . . . . . 559.6449 559.6449 372.6991 94.8697 . 367.4398 . . . . . . . . 240 47 115 Griffin et al. 2010 Fig. 2 TD H SSR . g m^-2 Neg Macroalgal biomass N Consumption Between Top-down Gastropods Macroalgae Y 2 O A 3 hard 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.8 54.5 0.073 746.5753425 6.61549654 395 365 1.0822 0.079 N Y 19.324 N JG richness of non-focal species is mean number of seaweed species in controls . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.33 -4.15 4 10 12 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.623 21.623 33.22867 31.76266667 19.058 . . . . . . . . . 5.144 5.144 11.3611 13.3462 11.024 . . . . . . . . . 241 47 115 Griffin et al. 2010 Fig. 3 TD H RD . mg O2 m^-2min^-1 Neg Flux of oxygen as measure of net productivity Y Consumption Between Top-down Gastropods Macroalgae Y 2 O A 3 hard 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.8 54.5 0.073 746.5753425 6.61549654 395 365 1.0822 0.079 N Y 19.324 N JG richness of non-focal species is mean number of seaweed species in controls . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.33 -4.15 3 10 12 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.551 2.551 2.868 3.106666667 2.517 . . . . . . . . . 0.940503589 0.940503589 0.9458 1.655 1.221132 . . . . . . . . . 242 48 116 Gustaffson & Bostrom 2011 Fig. 3b BU P SST . ind g plat dry wt Pos abundance of epifauna colonising previously defaunated plants N Production Between Bottom-up . Plants N 1 secondary prod? A 4 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.04 . 7 N Y . Y JG . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 59.92 21.8 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715.655 715.655 489.8826667 849.8403333 958.466 . . . . . . . . . 661.4736291 661.4736291 432.1142 811.1138 762.1324652 . . . . . . . . . 243 48 116 Gustaffson & Bostrom 2011 Fig. 3b BU P SST . ind g plat dry wt Pos abundance of epifauna colonising previously defaunated plants N Production Between Bottom-up . Plants N 1 secondary prod? A 5 seagrass 2 1 S 3 3 3 0.04 . 6 N Y . Y JG . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 59.92 21.8 5 15 15 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.54 287.54 206.603 157.5696667 287.54 . . . . . . . . . 289.285 289.285 191.0786275 132.5744 227.365 . . . . . . . . . 244 49 117 Waldbusser et al. 2004 Fig. 2 flux M RD . mmol m^2 d^-1 Pos Oxygen flux Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down Polycheates . Y 4 flux A 5 soft 1 2 A 2 3 3 78.55 2.3565 0.438733333 5.371144203 1.681040959 122 N Y . N JG body size is wet weight . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.31 -72.05 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.323 42.323 36.12333333 . 36.369 . . . . . . . . . 3.819204106 3.819204106 3.034382969 . 3.819204106 . . . . . . . . . 245 49 117 Waldbusser et al. 2004 Fig. 5 flux M RD . mmol m^2 d^-1 Pos Phosphate flux Y Biogeo_flux Between Top-down Polycheates . Y 4 flux A 5 soft 1 2 A 2 3 3 78.55 2.3565 0.438733333 5.371144203 1.681040959 122 N Y . N JG body size is wet weight . . . 0 0 0 A A C C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.31 -72.05 5 15 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.063 0.063 0.039666667 . 0.067 . . . . . . . . . 0.018112151 0.018112151 0.014607076 . 0.017664937 . . . . . . . . .